A Sketch of the Past — Vocabulary
Virginia Woolf
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Exemplary sample Uses ACT/SAT
9
innumerabletoo numerous to be counted
She has been the target of innumerable investigations.more
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As we walked, to beguile the dulness [of] innumerable winter walks we made up stories, long long stories that were taken up at the same place and added to each in turn.†8 more
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scrupulouscareful and thorough
You can count on her. She is scrupulous in her work.more
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He was scrupulously honest, honourable, in the Eton and Balliol sense, but there was more to his scrupulosity than that.†4 more
scrupulousscrupulosity:the state of behaving ethically and/or diligently
Show general definition careful to behave ethically and/or diligently (with great care and attention to detail)
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perpetualcontinuing forever
A perpetual flame burns beside the grave of John F. Kennedy.more
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This seemed enough to cause us perpetual delight.†3 more
continuing forever without change; OR  occurring so frequently it seems constant
Show general definition continuing forever without change; or occurring so frequently it seems constant
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eccentricodd or unusual
Her eccentric outfits always turned heads at school.more
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It arose—to name some elements at random—from his simplicity, his integrity, his eccentricity—by which I mean he would say exactly what he thought, however inconvenient; and do what he liked.†4 more
eccentriceccentricity:unconventional or strange behavior
Show general definition unconventional or strange; or a person with such traits -- often in a way that seems interesting or harmless
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presidelead or direct
The principal will preside over the graduation ceremony this year.more
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Round the walls hung Sir Joshua engravings; in the corner on a pedestal of mottled yellow marble stood the bust of the first Sir James—an eyeless, white man who still presides in the hall of Adrian's house in Regents Park.†5 more
presidepresides:is in charge; or heads; or chairs
Show general definition to lead or be in charge of a meeting, event, or group -- especially in an official or formal role
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apprehensiveworried
She is apprehensive about her new job.more
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But Stella's death two years later fell on a different substance; a mind stuff and being stuff that was extraordinarily unprotected, unformed, unshielded, apprehensive, receptive, anticipatory.†2 more
nervous or worried
Show general definition worried over possible misfortune
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complacentunworried and satisfied
She had become complacent after years of success.more
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By some odd fling in her birth, she had escaped all taint of Duckworth philistinism; she had none of their shrewd middle-class complacency.†2 more
complacentcomplacency:contentment (often unworried to a fault)
Show general definition contented (unworried and satisfied) -- often to a fault
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reviseimprove (change)
How can you revise that paragraph to improve the expression of ideas?more
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Perhaps if I should revise and rewrite as I intend, I will make the question more exact; and worry out something by way of answer.†1 more
change
Show general definition to change (and hopefully improve) -- most frequently to improve a written document, but it can be any intentional change such as a change in an estimated amount, a plan, or a series of procedures
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indulgeindulgeindulges:allows them to get their way
She indulges her children more than is good for them.more
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He had been indulged, ever since he broke the flower pot and threw it at his mother (whatever the truth of that story, it ran something like that).†2 more
indulgeindulged:enjoyed to excess
Show general definition to give in to a desire or allow someone to enjoy or experience something -- especially something pleasurable
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externaloutside (in this case, trade with people and companies in other countries)
External trade makes up almost half of the country's economy.more
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Looking back, then, at Kensington Gardens, though I can recover incidents, many more than I have patience to describe, I cannot recover, save by fits and starts, the focus, the proportions of the external world.†2 more
outside
Show general definition outside
in various senses, including:
  • coming from or existing outside a place, organization or thing -- as in "external trade"
  • forming or relating to an outside boundary -- as in "external walls"
  • on the surface or superficial as contrasted to something that is deep or complete -- as in "external appearances"
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tactthe ability and tendency to say or handle things in such a way that others feel good about them
She has the tact of a politician or diplomat.more
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Fred Maitland thus resolutely refused to believe, though tactfully instructed by Carry, that Leslie's tempers were more than what he called (in his biography) coloured showers of sparks.†1 more
tacttactfully:in a manner that makes others feel good
Show general definition the ability or act of saying or handling things in such a way that others feel good about them
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superficialshallow
She has only superficial knowledge on the subject.more
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If I could remember one whole day I should be able to describe, superficially at least, what life was like as a child.†1 more
superficialsuperficially:relating to a surface rather than to anything deep or penetrating
Show general definition relating to a surface rather than to anything deep or penetrating (often of injuries or thinking)
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melancholyvery sad
She's been in a melancholy mood since her dog died.more
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He cannot have been as severe and melancholy and morose as I make him out.†2 more
a sad feeling or manner
Show general definition a sad feeling or manner -- sometimes thoughtfully sad
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minutetiny
Don't eat a lot of poppy seeds for a few days before a drug test. They have a minute amount of a chemical that can cause a false positive when testing for heroin use.more
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But besides these minute separate details, how did I first become conscious of what was always there—her astonishing beauty?3 more
small
Show general definition for minute (as in: minute size) small, exceptionally small, or insignificant
1
minute#2including even small considerations
We discussed it in minute detail.more
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Vanessa, under the eye of Val Prinsep, or Mr Ouless, R.A. or occasionally of the great Sargent himself, made those minute pencil drawings of Greek statues which she brought home and fixed with a spray of odd smelling mixture; or painted a histrionic male model rather like Sir Henry Irving in oils.3 more
carefully detailed
Show general definition for minute (as in: minute description) detailed (including even small considerations); and/or careful (done with care)
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anecdoteanecdoteanecdotes:short true stories
Her autobiography is sprinkled with amusing anecdotes.more
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They had a house at Well Walk during the Crimean War; for there was an anecdote about watching the soldiers drill on the Heath.†4 more
a short story that is true -- often told for amusement or to make a point
Show general definition a short story that is true -- often told for amusement or to make a point
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ambivalentwith mixed feelings
Polling indicates the public is ambivalent on the subject. Their opinions change depending upon the latest headlines.more
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Was it not the origin of the love half of my ambivalent feeling?†1 more
Show general definition having mixed feelings about something -- such as when part of you wants to do something and part of you does not
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digressdigressdigresses:wanders from a direct course
She always digresses when telling a story.more
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This leads to a digression, which perhaps may explain a little of my own psychology; even of other people's.†1 more
digressdigression:a wandering from a direct or straight course -- especially verbally
Show general definition wander from a direct or straight course -- typically verbally
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discreditdamage the reputation of
She spoke only of her strengths, but others on her campaign staff worked to discredit her opponent.more
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For it was agreed that it wasn't the poor Maude girls' fault—the handsome dark girls who lived behind the locked gate, scaring duns, were to be pitied for their disreputable parents' discreditable imprisoned lives.†1 more
discreditdiscreditable:tending to damage the reputation of
Show context notes The suffix "-able" means able to be. This is the same pattern you see in words like breakable, understandable, and comfortable.
Show general definition damage the reputation of -- often causing distrust of or disbelief in
3
caricaturea drawing that exaggerates physical traits for comedic effect
The artist drew a caricature of the politician, exaggerating his features for comedic effect.more
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They were caricatures; they were very simple; they were immensely alive.†2 more
caricaturecaricatures:a representation that exaggerates or highlights certain aspects
Show general definition a representation that exaggerates or highlights certain aspects -- especially of a person for comic effect; or creating a drawing with such exaggeration