The American Language — Vocabulary
Henry L. Mencken
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| Exemplary sample | Uses | ACT/SAT |
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| 118 | top 2000 | |
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dialect
It's not uncommon to hear "y'all" when talking in the American south where the rural areas still have a distinct dialect.more
Show sample from bookOn the contrary, they are keenly aware of the differences between the two dialects, and often discuss them, as the following pages show.† Show general definitiona regional variety of a languageShow editor's word notesA dialect can use a different accent, vocabulary, and grammar than other dialects of the same language. |
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| 7 | top 100 | |
Show sample from bookHere there is room for inquiry, and that inquiry deserves the best effort of American phonologists, for the language is undergoing rapid changes under their very eyes, or, perhaps more accurately, under their very ears, and a study of those changes should yield a great deal of interesting matter. Show general definition for yield (as in: will yield valuable data)to produce (usually something wanted); or the thing or amount produced |
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| 13 | top 100 | |
Show sample from bookAnd as it thus yielded to /are/ in the indicative, it now seems destined to yield to /am/ and /is/ in the subjunctive. Show general definition for yield (as in: yield to pressure)to give in, give way, or give up |
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| 30 | top 500 | |
Show sample from bookAn early authority, John G. E. Heckwelder, argued that it was derived from an Indian mispronunciation of the word /English/.† Show general definitionto get something from something else(If the context doesn't otherwise indicate where something came from, it is generally from reasoning--especially deductive reasoning.) |
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| 37 | top 2000 | |
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denounce
She denounced him as a liar.more
Show sample from book[24] Chesterton, however, refrained from denouncing this lack of identity; on the contrary, he allowed certain merits to American† Show general definitionto strongly criticize or accuse publiclyor more rarely: to inform against someone (turn someone into the authorities) |
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| 25 | top 200 | |
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analogy
Her analogy is flawed.more
Show sample from bookOf analogous character are artificial words of the /scalawag/ and /rambunctious/ class, the formation of which constantly goes on.† Show general definitiona comparison of different things to point to a shared characteristicShow editor's word notesAnalogies are typically used to explain something unfamiliar by comparing it to something that is simpler or more familiar. They are also used in argument to suggest that what is true for one situation is also true in the other. |
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| 37 | top 2000 | |
Show sample from bookFor one thing, I am eager to attempt a more scientific examination of the grammar of the American vulgar speech, here discussed briefly in Chapter VI.† Show general definitionof bad taste -- often crude or offensiveor: unsophisticated (or common) -- especially of taste |
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| 30 | top 2000 | |
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displace
It is a much better way to manufacture the product, but many workers will be displaced by the new technology.more
Show sample from book/Selectman/ is first heard of in 1685, displacing the English /alderman/.† Show general definitionforce to move; or to take the place of |
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| 16 | top 200 | |
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obsolete
My mother still has a twenty-year-old obsolete computer in storage.more
Show sample from bookOthers, which have long been obsolete in England, are still retained in common use among us.†
Show general definitionno longer in general use because it was replaced by something better |
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| 13 | top 100 | |
Show sample from bookContributions of materials and suggestions for a possible revised edition of the present book will reach me if addressed to me in care of the publisher at 220 West Forty-second Street, New York.† Show general definitionto change (and hopefully improve) -- most frequently to improve a written document, but it can be any intentional change such as a change in an estimated amount, a plan, or a series of procedures |
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| 16 | top 500 | |
Show sample from bookOn American spelling, with its wide and constantly visible divergences from English usages, there was little more.† Show general definitionto move apart; or be or become different |
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| 13 | top 200 | |
Show sample from book"A /scooner/ let her be!" replied Captain Andrew Robinson, her [Pg048] builder—and all boats of her peculiar and novel fore-and-aft rig took the name thereafter.
Show general definition for novel (as in: a novel situation)new and original -- typically something considered good |
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| 18 | top 1000 | |
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succumb
Everyone insisted she attend and she finally succumbed.†more
Show sample from book[10] This use of the word was then relatively new in England, though, according to White, the /Saturday Review/ and the /Spectator/ had already succumbed† Show general definitionconsent reluctantly; or suffer defeat |
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| 26 | ||
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idiom
Having just arrived from Egypt, I did not understand what she meant by the idiom, "Don't cut corners."more
Show sample from bookHis novels are mines of American idiom, and his style shows an undeniable revolt against the trammels of English grammarians.† Show general definitiona way of putting things that is characteristic of a specific group of peopleShow editor's word notesAn idiom typically refers to an expression whose meaning cannot be inferred from the meanings of the words that make it up (as in "feeling under the weather"). It can also refer to a particular artistic style. |
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| 5 | top 100 | |
Show sample from bookBoth are useful words; it is impossible, not employing them, to convey the ideas behind them without circumlocution.†
Show general definition for convey (as in: convey her thoughts)communicate or express |
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| 1 | ||
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convey#2
My parents came here from Mexico in 1975. They worked hard and conveyed their ethics and values to my sister and me.more
Show sample from bookAt an early date they shortened the English law-phrase, /to convey by deed/, to the simple verb, /to deed/. Show general definition for convey (as in: convey title to the property)to give or transfer -- especially legal title |
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| 18 | ||
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conjugate
Afrikaans, spoken in South Africa and Namibia, does not conjugate verbs differently depending upon the subject. The verb forms for I am, You are, and It is are all the same.more
Show sample from bookBut we still have two plainly defined conjugations of the verb, and we still inflect it for number, and, in part, at least, for person.† Show general definition for conjugate (as in: conjugate the verb)grammatical changes of verb forms to agree with other words in a sentence for tense, number, person, and other thingsShow editor's word notesEnglish tense example:She writes. She is writing. She will write tomorrow. She has written in the past. English number example: Jane is... Jane and Susan are... Most verbs are conjugated by changing their suffix and sometimes adding a helping verb. Most verbs follow the same pattern in English. Those that follow a different pattern are called irregular verbs. Here is an example of English conjugation of the present and past tenses for a regular, irregular, and the most irregular verb: <table><tr><td>Present tense</td><td> </td><td>regular</td><td>irregular</td><td>most irregular</td></tr><tr><td>1st person singular</td><td>I</td><td>talk</td><td>drink</td><td>am</td></tr><tr><td>2nd person singular</td><td>you</td><td>talk</td><td>drink</td><td>are</td></tr><tr><td>3rd person singular</td><td>he, she, it</td><td>talks</td><td>drinks</td><td>is</td></tr><tr><td>plural 1st-3rd person</td><td>we, you, they</td><td>talk</td><td>drink</td><td>are</td></tr><tr><td colspan=5> </td></tr><tr><td>Past tense</td colspan=4> </td></tr><tr><td>1st person singular</td><td>I</td><td>talked</td><td>drank</td><td>was</td></tr><tr><td>2nd person singular</td><td>you</td><td>talked</td><td>drank</td><td>were</td></tr><tr><td>3rd person singular</td><td>he, she, it</td><td>talked</td><td>drank</td><td>was</td></tr><tr><td>plural 1st-3rd person</td><td>we, you, they</td><td>talked</td><td>drank</td><td>were</td></tr></table> |
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| 16 | top 2000 | |
Show sample from bookThat it should be regarded as an anti-social act to examine and exhibit the constantly growing differences between English and American, as certain American pedants argue sharply—this doctrine is quite beyond my understanding.† Show general definitiontoo concerned with formal rules, details, or book learning |
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| 14 | ||
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affectation
She is comfortable in her own skin and meets strangers without affectation.more
Show sample from bookBut it was as much an affectation in those [Pg060] days as it is today, and Webster indicated the fact pretty plainly in his "Dissertations."†
Show general definitionbehaving in an artificial way to make an impression |
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| 11 | top 2000 | |
Show sample from bookFraternizing was made difficult by the wide divergence in vocabulary and pronunciation—a divergence interpreted by each side as a sign of uncouthness.† Show general definitionrude or unpleasant due to a lack of manners, refinement, or taste |
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