All 4 Uses of

laboratory
in
The Hunchback of Notre Dame

Let us say here that a prince's apartment was then composed of never less than eleven large rooms, from the chamber of state to the oratory, not to mention the galleries, baths, vapor-baths, and other "superfluous places," with which each apartment was provided; not to mention the private gardens for each of the king's guests; not to mention the kitchens, the cellars, the domestic offices, the general refectories of the house, the poultry-yards, where there were twenty-two general laboratories, from the bakehouses to the wine-cellars; games of a thousand sorts, malls, tennis, and riding at the ring; aviaries, fishponds, menageries, stables, barns, libraries, arsenals and foundries.†
Chpt 1.3.2

laboratories = workplaces where people do scientific or medical research, or produce drugs or chemicals

Terrible astrologies took place in that laboratory.†
Chpt 1.3.2

laboratory = a workplace where people do scientific or medical research, or produce drugs or chemicals (also used figuratively) OR (as an adjective) related to such a place

I have not crawled so long, flat on my belly, with my nails in the earth, through the innumerable ramifications of its caverns, without perceiving far in front of me, at the end of the obscure gallery, a light, a flame, a something, the reflection, no doubt, of the dazzling central laboratory where the patient and the wise have found out God.†
Chpt 1.5.1

The cloister door was shut; but the archdeacon always carried with him the key of the tower in which his laboratory was situated.†
Chpt 2.9.1 *

Definitions:

(1) (laboratory)
a workplace where people do scientific or medical research, or produce drugs or chemicals

or (as an adjective): related to such a place
(2) (meaning too rare to warrant focus)
meaning too rare to warrant focus:

Much more rarely, lab can be used as an abbreviated way of saying Labrador retriever. It is also a rare last name and may indicate someone's initials.