All 4 Uses of

medieval
in
Anna Karenina

He painted studies from nature under the guidance of an Italian professor of painting, and studied mediaeval Italian life.†
Part 5 *

Mediaeval Italian life so fascinated Vronsky that he even wore a hat and flung a cloak over his shoulder in the mediaeval style, which, indeed, was extremely becoming to him.†
Part 5

Mediaeval Italian life so fascinated Vronsky that he even wore a hat and flung a cloak over his shoulder in the mediaeval style, which, indeed, was extremely becoming to him.†
Part 5

Definitions:

(1) (medieval)
relating to or belonging to the Middle Ages

(the period of European history between the fall of the Roman Empire and the beginning of the Renaissance -- roughly 500–1500 AD)

Often thought of as a time of instability, superstition, plagues, feudal lords, and knighthood.
(2) (meaning too rare to warrant focus)
meaning too rare to warrant focus:

Much more rarely, medieval may be used to refer to something as old-fashioned and unenlightened.