Severance — Vocabulary
Ling Ma
(Edited)

Book sample Uses ACT/SAT
18 top 500
contractcontractcontracted:hired an outside company to do a job through a formal agreement
The city had contracted Sentinel to protect public institutions from looters.p.255.926 more
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She signed the contract.more
a written agreement that is enforceable by law
Show general definition for contract (as in: legal contract) an agreement - typically written and enforceable by law
9 top 500
contract#2contractcontracted:caught or became infected with
Because these symptoms are often mistaken for the common cold, patients are often unaware they have contracted Shen Fever.p.19.226 more
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She contracted an STD (sexually transmitted disease).more
contractcontracted:acquired (gotten; or picked up)
Show general definition for contract (as in: contract the disease) to get -- especially in reference to a disease
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elaborateexplain in more detail
I didn't elaborate that they were both deceased, and that the family coffers or whatever would last me just long enough—maybe, say, for the next ten, fifteen years—for me to be comfortable with not working,p.50.36 more
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Please elaborate on the reasons you think this is the best plan.more
explain in detail
Show general definition for elaborate (as in: elaborate on your plan) add details or explain in detail
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elaborate#2detailed or complex
What surprised me in Hong Kong, however, was how many iterations of the same thing were available. ... Nowhere else was there such an elaborate gradient between the real and the fake.p.100.36 more
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It's part of her elaborate plan for getting accepted at Harvard.more
complicated
Show general definition for elaborate (as in: an elaborate design) having details and complexity -- sometimes fancy or ornate
Show editor's word notes Depending upon it's context, this sense of elaborate can additionally imply that details make something either:<ul><li>more special than others of its kind in a good way</li></ul>or:<ul><li>more complicated than necessary in a bad way</li></ul>
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correspondcorrespondcorresponding:matching
All through the morning, church bells rang at times corresponding to the moments when the planes hit and when each building fell.p.212.73 more
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The girls are using a simple code where "1" corresponds to "A", "2" to "B" and so on for each of the 26 letters of the alphabet.more
correspondcorresponds:is equivalent
Show general definition for correspond (as in: corresponding time period) connect or fit together by being equivalent, proportionate, or matched

(Two things are equivalent if they have the same or very similar value, purpose, or result.)
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correspond#2correspondcorrespondence:written communication
Correspondence with Spectra Hong Kong was sluggish and infrequent, as all Spectra offices had reduced their in-house staff.p.233.73 more
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We correspond regularly via email.more
write to each other
Show general definition for correspond (as in: corresponding by email) communicate -- typically by writing letters or email
Show editor's word notes A corresponding secretary is an officer of an organization who is responsible for managing the organization's correspondence and keeping a record of it.
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narrativestory
This narrative, then, is not about any individual entity, per se, but about an abstract force: the force of the mob, of mob mentality.p.29.58 more
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He titled his autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass.more
Story
Show general definition for narrative (as in: Narrative of the Life of...) a story; or related to a story
6 top 100
conveyconveyconveying:communicating or expressing
I thought about conveying what the 911 operator had told me, that it was no longer safe to work in the building.p.251.95 more
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She dresses to convey a sense of a successful, no-nonsense woman.more
communicate or express
Show general definition for convey (as in: convey her thoughts) communicate or express
7 top 500
nostalgialonging for something past
Don’t you think it’s strange Ashley became fevered in her childhood house? It's like nostalgia has something to do with it.p.143.96 more
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The music makes me feel nostalgic.more
nostalgianostalgic:with a longing for something past
Show general definition happiness that come with the memory of good times combined with a hint of sadness that those times are over
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neutralnot favoring either side
On a scale of 1 to 10, how would you rate your work quality? ... Very effective, Effective, Neutral, Ineffective, Very ineffective.p.215.75 more
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Switzerland remained neutral during the Second World War.more
not taking either side
Show general definition for neutral (as in: played at a neutral site) not favoring any side in a contest, war, disagreement, or other dispute
6 top 500
congregationgroup of people who worship together in the same building
Now we are all, in this congregation, first—and second-generation immigrants.p.179.25 more
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It's a casual congregation where many people wander into services late.more
people who worship together in the same building
Show general definition for congregation (as in: the congregation voted) people who worship together in the same building
3 top 100
distinguishdistinguishdistinguishing:treating as different
Yes, I speak Mandarin with my parents, I answered, thankful that the language does not require tenses distinguishing past, present, and future.p.87.72 more
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She struggled to distinguish between the two twins until she noticed the small scar on one’s chin.more
recognize as different
Show general definition for distinguish (as in: distinguish fact from opinion) recognize or treat as different
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abstracta concept that is not associated with any specific instance
This narrative, then, is not about any individual entity, per se, but about an abstract force: the force of the mob, of mob mentality.p.29.62 more
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We all agree that we want what's "best for the country", but that is an abstract concept, and we cannot agree on which specific laws should be passed.more
of a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance
Show general definition for abstract (as in: abstract thought) of a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance
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adjacentnearby
Jonathan once told me about the rivers of Illinois, how the land adjacent to a Great Lake is rippled with rivers.p.284.41 more
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We stayed in adjacent hotel rooms.more
side-x-side (very near)
Show general definition very near -- often directly beside
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obscureobscureobscures:blocks or makes less visible
The light glimmers out of a bank of trees, which obscures a river embankment.p.284.47 more
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The stars are obscured by the clouds.more
obscureobscured:hidden or made less visible
Show general definition for obscure (as in: it obscured my view) to block from view or make less visible or understandable
Show editor's word notes Although this meaning of obscure typically refers to seeing or understanding, it can also refer to situation where something makes something else harder to detect or as when a noise makes another noise difficult to hear. Similarly it can reference something overshadowing something else, as in "Her memory of her dog's death was obscured by her brother's death the next day."
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obscure#2not known to many people
One of Jonathan's constant critiques of me was that I didn't keep up with the news enough, but I wondered if he wasn't overinformed, deep-diving into obscure articles and message boards, seeing connections that weren't there.p.200.77 more
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The obscure battle is hardly mentioned in history books.more
Show general definition for obscure (as in: the famous and the obscure) not known to many people; or unimportant or undistinguished
Show editor's word notes More rarely, this meaning of obscure can be used for:<ul><li>seemingly unimportant -- as in "I want her on the team. She always seems to ask obscure questions that reveal problems in a different light."</li><li>humble (typically only found in classic literature) -- as in "Nobody at the table would have guessed of her obscure family background."</li></ul>
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lapsea decline from previous standards
Later-stage symptoms include signs of malnourishment, lapse of hygiene, bruising on the skin, and impaired motor coordination.p.19.34 more
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Apparently, the error occurred because of a lapse in the air controller's concentration.more
temporary failure
Show general definition for lapse (as in: a lapse in judgement) a change in behavior or state--usually undesired such as a temporary failure
The exact meaning of this sense of lapse is often subject to its context:
  • example indicating an undesired change in behavior -- "lapsed into alcoholism"
  • example indicating that the change was short-term and due to a failure (often of effort or diligence) -- "a lapse in judgment"
  • example indicating return to a previous undesired behavior or state -- "lapsed into her old bad habits"
  • examples indicating a change in what was occurring where the change is not necessarily negative -- "There was a lapse in the conversation," or "She stopped talking as she lapsed into her own internal world."
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lapse#2lapselapsed:passed
A full minute lapsed before I started crying.p.47.94 more
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Three weeks lapsed before they met again.more
Show general definition for lapse (as in: after the lapse of many hours) a period of time -- often a period that has passed
8
prototypeprototypeprototypes:test versions of something new
Often the factories produce an overrun of prototypes and sell them illicitly.p.100.87 more
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If they can mass produce the prototype for under $100, everyone will want one.more
trial version
Show general definition for prototype (as in: prototype of the new machine) the first version of something upon which future instances will be based -- such as a new machine or process
3
severancepay or benefits given to an employee whose job is eliminated
Within the following year, almost all of the senior staff had been laid off, given their diminished severance payouts.p.137.13 more
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She was disappointed to lose her job, but the company offered generous severance to help with the transition.more
layoff pay
Show general definition for severance (as in: severance pay) pay and potentially other benefits given to an employee whose job is eliminated