When the Legends Die — Vocabulary
Hal Borland
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Exemplary sample Uses ACT/SAT
63 top 2000
reinreinreined in:restrained
The court reined in agency power--describing it as out of control.more
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He reined the horse around62 more
reinreined:forced (the horse) in a direction by pulling on straps that are attached to the bit in its mouth
Show general definition for rein (as in: to rein in their activities) to restrain or control; or a means of control
The meaning of rein depends upon its context. For example:
  • "keep a tight rein on the new employee," or "rein in a horse" -- to control or restrain
  • "give the new employee free rein," or "give the horse full rein" -- do not restrain
  • "the reins of government" -- means of control
  • "the reins of the horse" -- leather straps used with a bit to control a horse (You might like to think of other senses of rein as being figurative derivations from this sense.)
9 top 2000
baptismbaptismbaptized:"spiritually renewed" in a Christian ceremony
She was baptized at the same church as her grandmother.more
Show context notes The suffix "-ize" converts a word to a verb. This is the same pattern you see in words like apologize, theorize, and dramatize.
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Blue Elk says this boy's baptismal name is Thomas Black Bull, so he is probably George Black Bull's son.†8 more
baptismbaptismal:relating to a Christian ceremony signifying spiritual cleansing and rebirth  OR  relating to a challenging experience that initiates or purifies
Show general definition a Christian ceremony signifying spiritual cleansing and rebirth

or:

a challenging experience that initiates or purifies
Show editor's word notes Most churches baptize infants, but some require an adult to request baptism, and a few (such as the Quakers) require no baptism at all.

Typically, water is used as part of the ceremony, such as sprinkling a little water on a baby's head; though some churches use complete submersion in water.
8 top 2000
rouserouseroused:awakened
A persistent knocking at the door finally roused her from her dreams.more
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Tom wakened, roused by his own voice and the howling, and after a moment he knew he had been dreaming.†7 more
rouseroused:to awaken, make more active, or excite
Show general definition to awaken, make more active, or excite
6 top 1000
wryhumorous in an subtle, ironic, or cynical way
The old woman gave a wry smile, as if she knew something that I didn't.more
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He smiled, wryly.†5 more
wrywryly:humor
Show general definition humor -- often understated, sarcastic, or ironic -- often expressed by twisting the face
2 top 100
conventionconventionconventional:normal
It was once conventional wisdom that the earth is flat.more
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He swung into the saddle on the sorrel, a conventional saddle with a horn.1 more
conventionconventional:normal or typical
Show general definition for convention (as in: conventional behavior) something regarded as normal or typical
4 top 1000
tauttight
The string is pulled taut.more
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Tom kept the rein taut, rode without trouble for several seconds.†3 more
pulled or drawn tight; OR  subjected to great tension
Show general definition pulled or drawn tight;
or: subjected to great tension
3 top 1000
speculatespeculatespeculated:thought and guessed without certainty
Philosophers have speculated on the question for thousands of years.more
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The doctor looked at him, speculating. "I'd think you'd want to settle down."2 more
speculatespeculating:guessing (thinking aloud)
Show general definition for speculate (as in: don't know, but I'll speculate) to think about, wonder, guess or theorize with much uncertainty
2 top 200
scornscornscorned:rejected
Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned.more
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Scorn was in her eyes.†1 more
disrespect or reject as not good enough
Show general definition disrespect or reject as not good enough
3 top 1000
bewilderconfuse
Some of their customs can bewilder travelers.more
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She looked at him, bewildered.†2 more
bewilderbewildered:confused
Show general definition to confuse someone
2 top 500
deceptiondeceiving or misleading
The law is intended to defeat denial and deception strategies.more
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The mountains stood in deceptive ranks, scattered but looking like successive ranges, each with its own degree of shadow and distance.†1 more
deceptiondeceptive:misleading
Show general definition the act of lying to or misleading someone; or something that misleads
3 top 2000
deridederidederides:criticizes with strong disrespect
She relentlessly mocks and derides the younger students.more
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He laughed at that, a snorting laugh of derision.2 more
deridederision:treatment as inferior and unworthy of respect
Show general definition to criticize with strong disrespect -- often with humor
3 top 1000
witherwitherwithered:shriveled (wrinkled as they dried out)
The grapes withered on the vine.more
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He could see Meo's garden patch, weedy but still with the mark of Meo's hand upon it, withering in the searing heat.2 more
witherwithering:drying out
Show general definition for wither (as in: wither on the vine) to shrivel (wrinkle and contract -- usually from lack of water)
3 top 1000
accustomaccustomaccustomed to:used to (have adapted to and have an expectation of)
In the United States we're accustomed to forming our own opinion about the promises of advertisements and politicians.more
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As his eyes accustomed themselves to the dimness, Blue Elk remembered his own boyhood and his grandmother's lodge.†2 more
accustomaccustomed:used to (adapted to something, so it seems normal)
Show general definition to make someone used to something

(used to is an expression that means someone has adapted to something, so it does not seem unusual)
Show editor's word notes In professional environments, you may make a better impression by saying one is accustomed to something rather than one is used to something.
3 top 1000
persistpersistpersisted:continued
The child persisted in asking questions despite my obvious desire to be left alone.more
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even with the sheep gone their smell persisted.2 more
Show general definition to continue -- often despite difficulty or to repeat a question
2 top 1000
lobbyistlobbyistlobbyists:people paid to influence legislation through persuasion of public officials
Critics argued that the bill favored corporate interests due to pressure from powerful lobbyists.more
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And he was known as a hostile, silent man at the chutes, on the street, in the hotel lobbies.†1 more
lobbyistlobbies:someone who is paid to influence legislation through persuasion of public offici…
Show general definition someone who is paid to influence legislation through persuasion of public officials
2 top 2000
solicitousshowing great care or concern for someone (in this case, for guests)
It's a mid-price hotel in a great location with a solicitous staff.more
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She was the most skillful of the nurses, the most solicitous and helpful, the most friendly.1 more
showing care or concern for someone
Show general definition showing care or concern for someone
2
penancean act seeking forgiveness
In some traditions, saying a prayer or performing a good deed can serve as penance for a sin.more
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He sewed to the end of the sinew and drew another strand from his mouth, remembering the penance trip up the mountain.†1 more
an act that shows sorrow for wrongdoing
Show general definition an act that shows sorrow for wrongdoing -- such as expressing regret, asking for forgiveness, or trying to make up for the harm done
2
brashbold or self-confident in a manner that seems disrespectful
A brash newcomer wants to change the way the club operates.more
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A first-year man, brash in his ignorance, might ask, "What year did Black win the championship?"†1 more
bold or self-confident in a manner that seems disrespectful or tasteless
Show general definition for brash (as in: brash behavior) bold or self-confident in a manner that seems disrespectful or tasteless
1 top 200
appropriateappropriateappropriated:took without asking
The invading army appropriated the home to use as a local headquarters.more
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When they had eaten, Red appropriated the herder's hat,
appropriateappropriated:took
Show general definition for appropriate (as in: appropriate from their culture) to take without asking -- often without right
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reclusesomeone withdrawn from society (living alone and avoiding contact with others)
He became a recluse after his wife passed away.more
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He stopped drinking, became more of a recluse than ever, and rode with cold and ruthless fury.
someone withdrawn from society (living alone and avoiding contact)
Show general definition someone withdrawn from society (living alone and avoiding contact)