The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman — Vocabulary
Ernest J. Gaines
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Exemplary sample Uses ACT/SAT
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parisha local church community

or in some places including Louisiana:  a jurisdiction of government like a county
Are we talking about a governmental or a religious parish?more
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The children had ridden from all over the parish to attend classes.18 more
in Louisiana:  a jurisdiction of government that is like a county
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stallionstallionstallions:a male horse that has not been castrated
Breeders carefully select stallions with excellent lineage to improve the bloodline of their horses.more
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When we came up even with the corral, a black stallion ran long the fence whinnying and bobbing his head.†10 more
a male horse that has not been castrated (gelded)
Show general definition a male horse that has not been castrated (gelded) -- especially one used for breeding purposes
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republicrepublicrepublics:governmental systems in which a majority of citizens elect representatives to make laws
The United States and each of its states are republics.more
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The Democrats said that was strange coming from a Republican when a dirty scalawag had one of the biggest plantations in the parish.4 more
republicrepublican:of a system of government in which a majority of citizens elect representatives …
Show general definition for republic (as in: the country is a republic) of a system of government in which a majority of citizens elect representatives to make laws; or someone in favor of such a form of government
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contracta written agreement that is enforceable by law
She signed the contract.more
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...just like you get contracts to cut wood.2 more
contractcontracts:written agreements that are enforceable by law
Show general definition for contract (as in: legal contract) an agreement - typically written and enforceable by law
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reinreinreined in:restrained
The court reined in agency power--describing it as out of control.more
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He held back on the reins and the horse stopped.3 more
reinreins:straps used to control a horse
Show general definition for rein (as in: to rein in their activities) to restrain or control; or a means of control
The meaning of rein depends upon its context. For example:
  • "keep a tight rein on the new employee," or "rein in a horse" -- to control or restrain
  • "give the new employee free rein," or "give the horse full rein" -- do not restrain
  • "the reins of government" -- means of control
  • "the reins of the horse" -- leather straps used with a bit to control a horse (You might like to think of other senses of rein as being figurative derivations from this sense.)
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chastisechastisechastising:criticizing
She said the United Nations resolution amounted to chastising Israel for wanting to exist.more
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If we saw him fighting, we chastised him no matter who was wrong.2 more
chastisechastised:scolded or criticized
Show general definition to scold or criticize
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narrativeStory
He titled his autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass.more
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I should mention here that even though I have used only Miss Jane's voice throughout the narrative, there were times when others carried the story for her.1 more
story
Show general definition for narrative (as in: Narrative of the Life of...) a story; or related to a story
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vexfrustrate
The complicated math problem continued to vex the entire class until the teacher provided a clearer explanation of the formula.more
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When the white people found out she was telling lies and refused to fire the servants Molly vexed them and ... till they quit them-self.1 more
vexvexed:annoyed
Show general definition to annoy, worry, or frustrate -- especially by being difficult or persistent
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squabbleargument over unimportant things
Their petty squabble is disrupting the team.more
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I had been sitting there on the end of a log listening to them squabbling over new names, but I didn't have to get in the squabbling because I already had a new name.†
squabblesquabbling:arguing -- typically over unimportant things
Show general definition an act or instance of arguing -- typically over unimportant things
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beckonbeckonbeckoned:called
With a nod of her head, she beckoned me to join them.more
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I looked back over my shoulder, and there was Joe and Ned on the other bank beckoning for me to come back to them.1 more
beckonbeckoning:calling (to come by using a hand gesture or a nod)
Show general definition to call -- typically to ask or tell someone to come nearer by using a hand gesture or a nod of the head
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contradictdisagree with
Does the sentence contradict the main claim of the essay?more
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The other person would not contradict her, because, after all, this was her story.†
disagree
Show general definition disagree
in various senses, including:
  • to say something is not true -- as in "She contradicted his testimony."
  • to say something else is true when both can't be true -- as in "I don't believe her. She contradicted herself as she told us what happened."
  • to be in conflict with -- as in "Her assertions contradict accepted scientific principles."
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consciencemoral judgment of personal behavior
I have a guilty conscience and want to make it right.more
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Don't tell me conscience was catching up with him.†1 more
feeling or appraisal of having personally behaved in a morally right or wrong manner
Show general definition feeling or judgment of morally right or wrong personal behavior
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competentsufficiently capable
She is a competent student and I have no doubt she will be a competent lawyer one day.more
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That schoolhouse up there go'n be shut down till I can find y'all a competent teacher.†
Show general definition capable (able to do something in a generally satisfactory manner) -- sometimes specifically to have legal capability
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weanweanweaned:adapt to the removal of breastmilk
Worldwide, most babies are weaned much later, but in the US, fewer than 20% of babies are still nursing when they are six months old.more
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Shirley went to New Orleans soon after she weaned him, and now it was just him and Lena in the house down there.†1 more
weanweaned:adapted
Show general definition to adapt to
in various senses, including:
  • "She was weaned at 3 months." -- a mammal's adaption to the removal of breastmilk (note this is the unqualified sense)
  • "I weaned myself from cigarettes." -- adapted to the gradual removal of
  • "I was weaned on progressive principals" -- raised on or adapted to at a very early age.
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narratenarratenarrates:writes or tells (a story)
She narrates the story with the wisdom of an older woman looking back on life.more
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When she was tired, or when she just did not feel like talking any more, or when she had forgotten certain things, someone else would always pick up the narration.†
narratenarration:the act, process, or instance of telling a story
Show general definition to tell a story-possibly as the main voice in a documentary; or a character who speaks to the audience in a performance
The specific meaning of narrate depends on context. For example:
  • "She narrated her story with tears in her eyes." -- told a story
  • "Her diary chillingly narrates her descent into madness." -- tells a story in writing
  • "Morgan Freeman narrated the documentary which features historic news reports and interviews." -- was the voice that tells a story while tying the scenes of a documentary together
  • "The character who plays the Stage Director in Our Town also narrates for the audience." -- when an actor in a play, movie, or other performance helps to tell the story by talking directly to the audience (breaking the imaginary barrier between the performers and the audience)
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exodusdeparture by a lot of people
She refers to the departure of domestic migrants form California as the California exodus.more
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EXODUS (chapter title): Then the people started leaving.
Show general definition a departure by a lot of people
Show editor's word notes When used as a proper noun (capitalized), "Exodus" typically references the second book of the Old Testament or the story it includes about the departure of the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt.
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gospelgospelgospels:books in the New Testament that Christian's believe tell the story of Jesus Christ's life and teachings
The earliest surviving complete copy of the gospels dates back to the 4th century.more
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Listening to his travels we knowed he was close to God, and now we wanted him to pick up the gospel.2 more
the religious teachings of Jesus
Show general definition for gospel (as in: gospel of the Bible) the religious teachings of Jesus

or:

one of the four books in the New Testament (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) that Christian's believe tell the story of Jesus Christ's life and teachings
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gospel#2an unquestionable truth
I heard her story, but I don't take it as gospel.more
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"And that makes it gospel truth," he said.2 more
Show general definition for gospel (as in: they consider it gospel) a set of beliefs firmly held by a group

or:

an unquestionable truth
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gospel#3a type of vocal music that originated in African-American churches in the United States
She sings gospel music at church.more
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We didn't like for him to listen to the radio, either; 'less he was listening to gospel music on Sundays.2 more
Show general definition for gospel (as in: gospel music) a type of vocal music that originated in African-American churches in the United States
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Old TestamentOld TestamentOld and New Testaments:first half of the Christian Bible
The Bible consists of the Old and New Testaments.more
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Go to the Old Testament; go to the New.
the collection of books comprising the sacred scripture of the Hebrews (Jews) which is the first half of the Christian Bible
Show general definition the collection of books comprising the sacred scripture of the Hebrews (Jews) which is the first half of the Christian Bible
Show editor's word notes In academic circles, the term Hebrew Bible is commonly used to refer to the Old Testament. Most scholars agree that it was written and compiled between the 12th and the 2nd century BC.