The Jungle Book — Vocabulary
Rudyard Kipling
(Edited)

Book sample Uses ACT/SAT
24 top 2000
ravinea deep, narrow, steep-sided gorge or valley
...what Mowgli looked at was the sides of the ravine, and he saw with a great deal of satisfaction that they ran nearly straight up and down, while the vines and creepers that hung over them would give no foothold to a tiger who wanted to get out.p.100.223 more
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The car plunged into a 15-foot ravine.more
deep, narrow, steep-sided valley
Show general definition a deep, narrow, steep-sided gorge or valley -- especially one formed by running water
8 top 1000
cunningcleverness
All the Jungle-People admire us for our skill and our cunning.p.51.57 more
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She came up with a cunning scheme to cheat him.more
clever and deceitful
Show general definition for cunning (as in: a cunning thief) being good at achieving goals through cleverness -- and typically through deception as well (tricking others)
9 top 2000
twilightthe time of day between daylight and darkness
...and now and again the tiger carried off a man at twilight, within sight of the village gates.p.91.18 more
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It is a beautiful picture taken in twilight.more
the light from the sky in the time of day between daylight and darkness (just after sunset or just before sunrise)
Show general definition for twilight (as in: pink clouds in a twilight sky) the time of day between daylight and darkness (just after sunset or just before sunrise); or the light from the sky at that time
3 top 200
scornscornscornfully:in a disdainful manner (as though too good to do such work)
"Do you think a snake-killer kills muskrats?" said Rikki-tikki scornfully.p.160.32 more
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Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned.more
scornscorned:rejected
Show general definition disrespect or reject as not good enough
4 top 1000
clamornoise
Now that all the seals and their wives were on the land, you could hear their clamor miles out to sea above the loudest gales.p.119.63 more
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She ignored the clamor of the crowd.more
loud noise and/or persistent demands
Show general definition loud noise and/or persistent demands -- especially from human voice
4 top 1000
cowercowercowering:showing fear by positioning the body as though afraid of being hit
Mowgli thrust his dead branch into the fire till the twigs lit and crackled, and whirled it above his head among the cowering wolves.p.35.53 more
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She cowered in fear.more
cowercowered:showed fear by positioning the body as though afraid of being hit
Show general definition show fear by positioning the body as though afraid of being hit
2 top 200
inclinedin a mood
Do you gentlemen of the screw-gun battery feel inclined to eat when you are being fired at with big guns, and Two Tails is behind you?p.224.11 more
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I'm inclined to believe him.more
have a tendency; or an attitude or mood that favors something
Show general definition for inclined (as in: I'm inclined to) a tendency, mood, desire, or attitude that favors something; or making someone favor something
2 top 500
cultivatecultivatecultivated:where crops are gown
He would go down the hillside into the cultivated lands by night, and look very curiously at the villagers in their huts,p.22.61 more
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We encourage our representatives to cultivate a close relationship with their clients.more
develop or grow
Show general definition enhance growth or development
in various senses, including:
  • to grow crops or prepare land for them
  • enhance a relationship -- especially for a purpose
  • develop discernment (better recognition of differences) in taste or judgment
  • to grow a culture in a petri dish
2 top 1000
deceivedeceivedeceived:tricked
Generations of monkeys had been scared into good behavior by the stories their elders told them of Kaa ... who could make himself look so like a dead branch or a rotten stump that the wisest were deceived, till the branch caught them.p.73.21 more
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The plan was to deceive the Germans into believing the main attack would take place further north.more
mislead
Show general definition to lie to or mislead someone -- occasionally to lie to oneself by denying reality
3 top 2000
despisedespisedespised:strongly disliked
Kaa was not a poison snake—in fact he rather despised the poison snakes as cowards—but his strength lay in his hug, and when he had once lapped his huge coils round anybody there was no more to be said.p.57.22 more
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She despises the people he works for.more
despisedespises:dislikes strongly and looks down upon
Show general definition to dislike strongly and to look down upon with disrespect
2 top 1000
contemptdisrespect
  "What I want to know," said the young mule, who had been quiet for a long time--"what I want to know is, why we have to fight at all."
  "Because we're told to," said the troop-horse, with a snort of contempt.p.230.61 more
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Familiarity breeds contempt.more
lack of respect
Show general definition for contempt (as in: feels contempt towards her) lack of respect for someone or something thought inferior -- often accompanied by a feeling of dislike or disgust
Show editor's word notes A famous saying, "familiarity breeds contempt" comes from Aesop's fable, "The Fox and the Lion".  (6th century BC)

When first the Fox saw the Lion he was terribly frightened, and ran away and hid himself in the wood. Next time however he came near the King of Beasts he stopped at a safe distance and watched him pass by. The third time they came near one another the Fox went straight up to the Lion and passed the time of day with him, asking him how his family were, and when he should have the pleasure of seeing him again; then turning his tail, he parted from the Lion without much ceremony.

The moral is traditionally, "Familiarity breeds contempt"; though an alternative moral is "Acquaintance softens prejudices."
2 top 1000
sullensullensullenly:unhappily
"I did not know these things," said Mowgli sullenly, and he frowned under his heavy black eyebrows.p.27.31 more
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She changed from a happy, outgoing child to sullen teenager.more
unhappy and withdrawn
Show general definition for sullen (as in: a sullen mood) being unhappy (and often withdrawn)
2
meddleinterfere
Only, another time do not meddle with my game.p.105.61 more
Show context notes In this sentence, game refers to an animal hunted for food.
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She's always meddling in other people's business.more
meddlemeddling:interfering (getting involved where not wanted)
Show general definition interfere (in another's affairs or business)

or:

get involved with something where involvement isn't warranted
1 top 500
disputedisagreement
Now, the Law of the Jungle lays down that if there is any dispute as to the right of a cub to be accepted by the Pack, he must be spoken for by at least two members of the Pack who are not his father and mother.p.18.3
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The area has long been a source of dispute between India and Pakistan.more
Show general definition for dispute (as in: their border dispute) disagreement, argument, or conflict
1 top 500
resolveresolveresolving:deciding
Mowgli, who was very much ashamed of himself, slept between the Panther and the Bear, resolving to have no more to do with the Monkey People.p.51.1
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This year I resolved to lose a pound a week for 5 weeks.more
resolveresolved:decided
Show general definition for resolve (as in: I resolved to stop drinking.) to decide -- typically a firm or formal decision
Show editor's word notes In modern writing resolve is typically used to emphasize a firm or formal decision. In classic literature, it is used more frequently and often simply replaces decide or determine.
3 top 500
gravegravegravely:solemnly (seriously)
Mother Wolf threw herself down panting among the cubs, and Father Wolf said to her gravely: "Shere Khan speaks this much truth. The cub must be shown to the Pack."p.15.72 more
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Her smile disappeared as she suddenly realized the gravity of her situation.more
gravegravity:seriousness or importance (weightiness)
Show general definition for grave (as in: Her manner was grave.) serious and/or solemn
The exact meaning of this sense of grave can depend upon its context. For example:
  • "This is a grave problem," or "a situation of the utmost gravity." -- important, dangerous, or causing worry
  • "She was in a grave mood upon returning from the funeral." -- sad or solemn
  • "She looked me in the eye and gravely promised." -- in a sincere and serious manner
9 top 2000
boundleap
He made his bound before he saw what it was he was jumping at, and then he tried to stop himself.p.12.512 more
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She's the sort of person who bounds out of bed in the morning and runs five miles before starting her day.more
boundbounds:jumps
Show general definition for bound (as in: The deer bound across the trail.) to leap or jump
2 top 2000
bound#2wrapped
Then ten or twelve men, each with an iron-bound club three or four feet long, came up ... and then the men clubbed the seals on the head as fast as they could.p.128.912 more
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Her hands were bound with chains.more
tied or held together
Show general definition for bound (as in: bound together or bound by law) constrained and/or held together or wrapped

The sense of constrained, can mean tied up or obligated depending upon the context. For example:
  • "Her wrists were bound." -- tied up
  • "I am bound by my word." -- required or obligated (in this case to keep a promise)
  • "He is muscle bound." -- prevented from moving easily (due to having such large, tight muscles)


The exact meaning of the senses of held together or wrapped also depend upon context. For example:
  • "The pages of the book are bound with glue." -- held together physically
  • "The book is bound in leather." -- wrapped or covered
  • "The United States and England are bound together by a common language." -- connected or united (tied together, figuratively)
  • "She cleaned the wound and bound it with fresh bandages." -- wrapped
  • "She is wheelchair-bound." -- connected (moves with a wheelchair because she is unable to walk)
  • "The jacket has bound buttonholes." -- edges wrapped by fabric or trim rather than stitches
1 top 500
bound#3traveling (to a specific location)
[of Kotick the seal] That very minute he turned north, swimming steadily, and as he went on he met scores of his mates, all bound for the same place, and they said: "Greeting, Kotick!"p.125.412 more
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There was an accident in the south-bound lanes.more
travelling (in that direction)
Show general definition for bound (as in: south-bound lanes) traveling in a particular direction or to a specific location
1 top 2000
bound#4boundbounds:limits (or boundaries)
Shere Khan was always crossing his path in the jungle, for as Akela grew older and feebler the lame tiger had come to be great friends with the younger wolves of the Pack, who followed him for scraps, a thing Akela would never have allowed if he had dared to push his authority to the proper bounds.p.23.912 more
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The ball went out of bounds.more
boundout of bounds:the boundaries of an area where a game is played
Show general definition for bound (as in: out of bounds) a boundary or limit