The Odyssey — Vocabulary
Homer
translated by: Butcher & Lang
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Exemplary sample Uses ACT/SAT
63 top 500
perishbe destroyed or cease to exist
...government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth.Abraham Lincoln  —  Gettysburg Addressmore
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For through the blindness of their own hearts they perished, fools, who devoured the oxen of Helios Hyperion: but the god took from them their day of returning.†62 more
perishperished:died, was destroyed, or ceased to exist
Show general definition to die -- especially in an unnatural way

or:

to be destroyed or cease to exist
Show editor's word notes You may encounter an informal expression, "Perish the thought."  It means that the speaker hopes the thought will cease to exist and the thing it represents will never happen.
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devisecome up with (invent or create)
She plans to devise something to launch water balloons.more
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For nine whole years we were busy about them, devising their ruin with all manner of craft; and scarce did Cronion bring it to pass.†44 more
devisedevising:coming up with (inventing or creating)
Show general definition for devise (as in: devise a plan) to come up with a way of doing something -- typically a creative idea or plan
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lamentlamentlamented:expressed grief about
She lamented the loss.more
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And she sent it to the house of divine Odysseus to bid Penelope, amid her sorrow and lamenting, to cease from her weeping and tearful lamentation.†41 more
lamentlamenting:expressing grief or regret
Show general definition to express grief or regret
62 top 2000
steadfastfirmly consistent
The old lighthouse stood steadfast against the crashing waves.Lang, Andrew  —  The Yellow Fairy Bookmore
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So all the morning we waited with steadfast heart, and the seals came forth in troops from the brine, and then they couched them all orderly by the sea-beach.†61 more
Show general definition firmly consistent
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moreoverin addition to what has just been said
The company has too much debt. Moreover, it is responsible for a long-term lease on expensive office space.more
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Moreover it is hard for me to make heavy restitution to Icarius, as needs I must, if of mine own will I send my mother away.†36 more
10 top 100
yieldproduce (lead to)
The discovery could yield a more effective treatment for diabetes.more
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And Odysseus of many counsels answered him saying: 'Thou too, my friend, all hail; and may the gods vouchsafe thee happiness, and mayst thou never miss this sword which thou hast given me, thou that with soft speech hast yielded me amends.'14 more
yieldyielded:produced or gave
Show general definition for yield (as in: will yield valuable data) to produce (usually something wanted); or the thing or amount produced
5 top 100
yield#2give in
The country vowed not to yield to pressure from its larger neighbors.more
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But whensoever we Achaeans did battle on the plain of Troy, he never tarried behind in the throng or the press of men, but ran out far before us all, yielding to none in that might of his.14 more
yieldyielding:giving in, giving up, or giving way (easily moved or soft)
Show general definition for yield (as in: yield to pressure) to give in, give way, or give up
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heedheedheedlessness:pay close attention to
Heed the advice of those who have been there before.more
Show context notes The suffix "-lessness" in heedlessness means in a state without. This is the same pattern you see in words like fearlessness, powerlessness, and harmlessness.
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So spake he, nor heedless was the messenger, the slayer of Argos.†34 more
heedheedless:ignorant or ignoring; or not following advice
Show context notes The suffix "-less" in heedless means without. This is the same pattern you see in words like fearless, homeless, and endless.
Show general definition pay close attention to; or to do what is suggested -- especially with regard to a warning or other advice
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deemedbelieved or judged
The producer deemed her too old to play the role.more
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And he marked the thing and was amazed, for he deemed that it was a god; and anon he went among the wooers, a godlike man.†33 more
Show general definition believed or judged
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grievousvery serious; or very bad
She suffered grievous bodily harm.more
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'So spake he, but my spirit within me was broken, for that he bade me again to go to Aegyptus over the misty deep, a long and grievous way.†29 more
Show general definition very serious; or very bad; or causing grief
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afflictafflictafflicted:made to suffer
The region was afflicted by a long drought that destroyed most crops.more
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I said that after sore affliction, with the loss of all his company, unknown to all, in the twentieth year he should come home.†29 more
afflictaffliction:something that causes ongoing suffering
Show general definition to cause pain, suffering, or trouble -- especially something long-lasting or hard to endure
33 top 2000
immortalto live forever
Zeus and the other gods were supposed to be immortal.more
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Thinking upon him he spake out among the Immortals: 'Lo you now, how vainly mortal men do blame the gods!†32 more
immortalimmortals:people who live forever  OR  people famous throughout history
Show general definition living or existing forever

or:

someone famous throughout history

or:

someone who will never die -- such as a mythological god
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mentorsomeone who guides and advises another who is less experienced
Each new employee is matched with a mentor.more
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So with that word he sat him down; then in the midst uprose Mentor, the companion of noble Odysseus.†20 more
someone who guides and advises another who is less experienced…
Show general definition someone who guides and advises another who is less experienced; or the act of providing such guidance
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rouserouseroused:awakened
A persistent knocking at the door finally roused her from her dreams.more
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Therewith he roused Athene to yet greater eagerness, and from the peaks of Olympus she came glancing down.†27 more
rouseroused:to awaken, make more active, or excite
Show general definition to awaken, make more active, or excite
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guilecunning (shrewdness and cleverness) and deceit
Her intelligence was exceeded only by her guile.more
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His daughter it is that holds the hapless man in sorrow: and ever with soft and guileful tales she is wooing him to forgetfulness of Ithaca.†23 more
guileguileful:full of cunning (shrewdness and cleverness, and perhaps deceit)
Show general definition cunning (shrewdness and cleverness) and deceitful
16
harangueannoyingly try to persuade or criticize
My parents continuously harangue me about my grades.more
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Then Antinous, son of Eupeithes, answered him: 'Telemachus, in very truth the gods themselves instruct thee to be proud of speech and boldly to harangue.†15 more
to try to persuade, or to criticize in an impassioned and often annoying manner…
Show general definition to try to persuade, or to criticize in an impassioned and often annoying manner; or a speech with such an intent
13
beguilebeguilebeguiling:enchanting; or enchanting and deceptive
Few men could remain detached while looking into her beguiling eyes.more
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First as she was washing clothes, one of them lay with her in love by the hollow ship, for love beguiles the minds of womankind, even of the upright.†12 more
beguilebeguiles:to charm, enchant, or entertain someone; OR  to deceive
Show general definition to charm, enchant, or entertain someone; or to deceive -- especially through charm
10
soothsayerSomeone claiming magical ability to foresee the future
The soothsayer predicted I will meet the love of my life this year.more
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But now of a truth will I utter my word of prophecy, as the Immortals bring it into my heart and as I deem it will be accomplished, though no soothsayer am I, nor skilled in the signs of birds.†9 more
Someone claiming magical ability to see what will happen in the future
Show general definition Someone claiming magical ability to see what will happen in the future
9
balladslow, emotional song that tells a story
The singer ended the concert with a heartfelt ballad about lost love.more
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There was some excuse for the error of critics who asked for a Homer in ballad rhyme.†8 more
a song (or poem) that tells a story or expresses strong feelings
Show general definition a song (or poem) that tells a story or expresses strong feelings -- typically slow in tempo
8
shambleshambleshambled:walked in an awkward, shuffling way
She shambled about the house in over-sized slippers.more
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There was much wine still a drinking, and still they slew many flocks of sheep by the seashore and kine with trailing feet and shambling gait.†7 more
shambleshambling:walking in an awkward, shuffling way
Show general definition for shamble (as in: she shambled along) to walk in an awkward, shuffling way