Brian's Winter — Vocabulary
Gary Paulsen
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Exemplary sample Uses ACT/SAT
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migratemove from one place to another
The birds migrate in the Winter.more
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He knew some things migrated but he wasn't sure which things or if even rabbits came out—maybe they stayed inside brushpiles or caves all winter and slept.†p.24.41 more
migratemigrated:moved from one place to another
Show general definition move from one place to another -- sometimes seasonally
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fleetinglasting a short time
Her moments of happiness were few and fleeting.more
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He had one fleeting image of a wall of brown hair with the feathers of the arrow sticking out of the middle and he went down.†p.78.91 more
Show general definition lasting a short time
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establishestablishestablished:created
Which word choice best maintains the tone established in the first paragraph?more
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Inside of four days a routine was established.†p.55.6
Show general definition for establish (as in: establish a positive tone) create, start, or set in [a] place
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accustomaccustomaccustomed to:used to (have adapted to and have an expectation of)
In the United States we're accustomed to forming our own opinion about the promises of advertisements and politicians.more
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Back in the hood the air was kept from moving and his face grew warmer and the fact that his head was warm seemed to warm his whole body and once he became accustomed to the cold he could look around and appreciate the world around him.†p.99.61 more
accustomaccustomed to:used to (adapted to something, so it seems normal)
Show general definition to make someone used to something

(used to is an expression that means someone has adapted to something, so it does not seem unusual)
Show editor's word notes In professional environments, you may make a better impression by saying one is accustomed to something rather than one is used to something.
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rationrationrationed:restricted in the amount each person could have
Gasoline was rationed during the 1970s oil embargo.more
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He had stretched the wolfkilled doe as far as he could, trying to ration it and eat smaller amounts, but he'd have to hunt within four or five days.†p.67.91 more
a fixed share of something, especially scarce goods like food or fuel…
Show general definition a fixed share of something, especially scarce goods like food or fuel; or to limit and distribute something in fixed shares
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sufficientadequate (enough)
We have sufficient supplies.more
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The hide was still wet from being on the moose, hadn't had time to dry, but the fire and heat in the shelter worked fast and within a few days it had dried sufficiently to work.†p.88.4
sufficientsufficiently:adequately (in a manner that provides enough -- often without being more than is needed)
Show general definition adequate (enough -- often without being more than is needed)
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varybe different
Your mileage may vary.more
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He now took twenty steps and saw seven, all at varying ranges, none close enough to shoot, all standing out like sore thumbs because they were brown against the white snow.†p.74.2
varyvarying:differing; or changing
Show general definition to be different, or to change
Show editor's word notes Vary is often used to describe small differences or changes--especially about things of the same type. It would be more common to say "The weight of full-grown elephants varies depending upon diet and other factors," than to say "The weight of elephants varies from that of mice."
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physicsthe science of matter and energy
In physics class, we learned how gravity affects falling objects.more
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And there was a physics to it, a basic fact, almost a law: For a wolf to live, something else had to die.†p.10.51 more
Show general definition the science of matter and energy and their interactions
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plausiblesounding reasonable
She offered a plausible excuse.more
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He thought it must be a good distance—the sounds were faint—and he would probably find some plausible reason for the sound.†p.125.2
apparently reasonable, but unproven
Show general definition apparently reasonable, but unproven
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adversaryopponent
She is his greatest adversary.more
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But in reality, the bear was not his primary adversary.†p.21.5
Show general definition an opponent
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scrutinyscrutinyscrutinized:looked very carefully at
She scrutinized her reflection in the mirror.more
Show context notes The suffix "-ize" converts a word to a verb. This is the same pattern you see in words like apologize, theorize, and dramatize.
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He set the shaft aside and went back to the fire rock—he was already thinking of it as the arrow stone—and scrutinized it once more.†p.41.1
scrutinyscrutinized:looked at very carefully
Show context notes The suffix "-ize" converts a word to a verb. This is the same pattern you see in words like apologize, theorize, and dramatize.
Show general definition careful examination of something
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estimateroughly calculate or guess
What do you estimate this will cost?more
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Brian couldn't estimate temperature but he thought it must be near zero, but quiet—the wind had stopped completely—and his clothes kept him as warm as if he'd been in the shelter.†p.89.9
a rough calculation or guess of a value, quantity, or extent of something
Show general definition rough calculation or judgment
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principlebelief
I accept as a basic principle that all people are precious and should be treated with equal dignity.more
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If he used the same principle as with the arrows ….p.62.4
fundamental concept
Show general definition a basic rule or belief
The exact meaning of principle can depend upon its context. For example:
  • "our guiding principles" -- basic moral beliefs that guide decisions and behavior
  • "electromagnetic principles" -- rules describing how the world works
  • "She lacks principles." -- lacks moral guidelines
  • "We agree in principle." -- about important basic beliefs
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intricatecomplicated -- having many complexly arranged elements
She came up with an intricate plan.more
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He had stopped to study them and he had thought then that it was a beautiful collection of intricately carved points, all laid out on red velvet, and he did not then or later think of what they really were: tools for hunting.†p.27.3
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ratiorelative lengths
The ratio of width to height of typical computer displays is 4:3.more
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It was unusual for him to go there without getting several good shots and though he still often missed he had worked out a ratio of five to one: He seemed to get one rabbit for about every five shots on rabbits.†p.29.31 more
relative quantities
Show general definition the relative magnitudes of two quantities -- often expressed as a:b (which could also be expressed as the fraction a/b)
Show editor's word notes For example, if a freshman class at a college is comprised of 400 men and 600 women, the ratio of men to women can be expressed as 400:600 or 4:6 or as the fraction 4/6 = ~67%
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supplemoving and bending easily
Yoga keeps my body supple.more
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He had the hide loose where it counted, in the armpits and elbows and the hood, but much of the rest of it was only half supple, stiff enough so that he felt as if he were wearing a coat of armor and still stiff though he worked on it for hours when at last the storm ended.p.89.51 more
soft and pliable (easily bent)
Show general definition moving and bending easily -- sometimes used figuratively to indicate mental flexibility when adapting to different conditions
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lethargiclacking energy
I'm hoping a cold iced tea will help me get past this lethargic feeling.more
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A kind of lethargy came over him and he just wanted to sit in the sun and try to forget the last week.†p.35.5
lethargiclethargy:lack of energy; or (often in historic literature) a state of sleep
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scrupulouscareful and thorough
You can count on her. She is scrupulous in her work.more
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The Smallhorn family were scrupulously polite and because they had lived in the bush and didn't have television, they knew nothing of Brian's disaster.†p.131.7
scrupulousscrupulously:ethically; or carefully diligent
Show general definition careful to behave ethically and/or diligently (with great care and attention to detail)
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epilogueending section
The novel’s epilogue revealed what happened to the characters ten years later.more
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Epiloguep.131.1
an afterward or concluding passage added at the end of a literary work
Show general definition a short section at the end of a book, play, or movie that provides additional information or wraps up the story
Show editor's word notes In a play, an epilogue can be a short speech addressed directly to the audience by an actor at the play's end.
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hygienepractices promoting sanitary conditions
Many illnesses, especially diarrhea, can be prevented by good hygiene.more
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Wonderful—I've got a roommate with a terminal hygiene problem ...†p.55.6
practices promoting the prevention of illness and maintenance of health
Show general definition practices promoting the prevention of illness and maintenance of health -- such as cleanliness or promoting sanitary conditions