Rip Van Winkle — Vocabulary
Washington Irving
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Exemplary sample Uses ACT/SAT
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recollectremember
I think I recollect that she was away at college that year.more
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There was, as usual, a crowd of folk about the door, but none that Rip recollected.†3 more
recollectrecollected:remembered
Show general definition to remember -- especially experiences from long ago
Show editor's word notes Synonym Comparison (if you're into word choice):

Relative to its synonyms, recollect brings to mind a leisurely piecing together of distant memories. It may be used in a less formal manner than remember and is almost always less formal than recall.
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comprehendcomprehendcomprehends:fully understands
I don't think she comprehends how dangerous this has become.more
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During the whole time Rip and his companion had labored on in silence; for though the former marveled greatly, what could be the object of carrying a keg of liquor up this wild mountain, yet there was something strange and incomprehensible about the unknown that inspired awe and checked familiarity.†2 more
comprehendincomprehensible:not understandable
Show context notes The prefix "in-" in incomprehensible means not and reverses the meaning of comprehensible. This is the same pattern you see in words like invisible, incomplete, and insecure.
Show general definition to understand something -- especially to understand it completely
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ravinedeep, narrow, steep-sided valley
The car plunged into a 15-foot ravine.more
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At length he reached to where the ravine had opened through the cliffs to the amphitheater; but no traces of such opening remained.†3 more
Show general definition a deep, narrow, steep-sided gorge or valley -- especially one formed by running water
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torrentan overwhelming amount
She screamed a torrent of abuse.more
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Morning, noon, and night, her tongue was incessantly going, and everything he said or did was sure to produce a torrent of household eloquence.†2 more
an overwhelming amount -- especially of quickly moving water
Show general definition an overwhelming amount -- especially of quickly moving water
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tranquilcalm
I love a lake with tranquil blue water.†more
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There was a busy, bustling tone about it, instead of the accustomed drowsy tranquility.†2 more
tranquiltranquility:peace and quiet; or calmness
Show general definition calm and undisturbed
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vehementforceful or intense
She was vehement in her defense of her friend, insisting that he was innocent.more
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When anything that was read or related displeased him, he was observed to smoke his pipe vehemently, and to send forth short, frequent, and angry puffs; but, when pleased, he would inhale the smoke slowly and tranquilly, and emit it in light and placid clouds, and sometimes, taking the pipe from his mouth, and letting the fragrant vapor curl about his nose, would nod his head in approbation.†1 more
vehementvehemently:marked by extreme intensity -- especially emotion such as anger
Show general definition marked by extreme intensity -- especially emotion such as anger
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perplexperplexperplexed:confused
She was perplexed by the rules of the game.more
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Rip was sorely perplexed.†1 more
perplexperplexed:confused or puzzled
Show general definition to confuse
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inquireask about or look into
Students should contact our office to inquire about scholarship opportunities.more
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The orator bustled up to him, and, drawing him partly aside, inquired "On which side he voted?"†2 more
inquireinquired:asked about or looked into
Show general definition to ask about or look into something
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bewilderconfuse
Some of their customs can bewilder travelers.more
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In the midst of his bewilderment, the man in the cocked hat demanded who he was, and what was his name.†1 more
bewilderbewilderment:a feeling of extreme confusion
Show general definition to confuse someone
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incessantcontinuous
She grew annoyed by the child's incessant questions.more
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Morning, noon, and night, her tongue was incessantly going, and everything he said or did was sure to produce a torrent of household eloquence.†1 more
incessantincessantly:continuously
Show general definition continuous -- often in an annoying way
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provokeprovokeprovoked:caused
Her remarks provoked a public outcry.more
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This, however, always provoked a fresh volley from his wife; so that he was fain to draw off his forces, and take to the outside of the house—the only side which, in truth, belongs to a henpecked husband.†1 more
provokeprovoked:caused (a reaction)
Show general definition to cause a reaction — often an emotional reaction like anger, and sometimes done on purpose
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accustomaccustomaccustomed to:used to (have adapted to and have an expectation of)
In the United States we're accustomed to forming our own opinion about the promises of advertisements and politicians.more
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Their dress, too, was of a different fashion from that to which he was accustomed.†1 more
accustomaccustomed:used to (adapted to something, so it seems normal)
Show general definition to make someone used to something

(used to is an expression that means someone has adapted to something, so it does not seem unusual)
Show editor's word notes In professional environments, you may make a better impression by saying one is accustomed to something rather than one is used to something.
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precedeprecedepreceded:were before in time
Stone tools preceded bronze tools.more
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With some difficulty he got down into the glen; he found the gully up which he and his companion had ascended the preceding evening; but to his astonishment a mountain stream was now foaming down it, leaping from rock to rock, and filling the glen with babbling murmurs.†
precedepreceding:prior (in time or space)
Show general definition to go or do before
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sufficientadequate (enough)
We have sufficient supplies.more
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The opinions of this [v]junto were completely controlled by Nicholas Vedder, a patriarch of the village, and landlord of the inn, at the door of which he took his seat from morning till night, just moving sufficiently to avoid the sun, and keep in the shade of a large tree; so that the neighbors could tell the hour by his movements as accurately as by a sun-dial.†
sufficientsufficiently:adequately (in a manner that provides enough -- often without being more than is needed)
Show general definition adequate (enough -- often without being more than is needed)
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austerelacking luxury (and stern)
He took a vow of silence and leads an austere life at the monastery.more
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It was with great difficulty that the self-important man in the cocked hat restored order; and having assumed a tenfold [v]austerity of brow, demanded again of the unknown culprit, what he came there for, and whom he was seeking!†1 more
austereausterity:a government policy in which significantly less money is spent than normal; or any notable absence of luxury, comfort, or decoration
Show general definition a notable absence of luxury, comfort, or decoration

or:

of a person:  stern in manner; or practicing great self-denial
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precipicesteep cliff (or other dangerous situation)
She approached and then pulled back from the precipice.more
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Panting and fatigued, he threw himself, late in the afternoon, on a green knoll, covered with mountain herbage, that crowned the brow of a precipice.†2 more
a very steep cliff; OR any dangerous situation
Show general definition a very steep cliff

or:

any dangerous situation
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breechrear (in this case indicating that the baby came out of the birth canal butt-first)
It was a difficult breech birth.†more
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He was generally seen trooping like a colt at his mother's heels, equipped in a pair of his father's cast-off breeches, which he had much ado to hold up with one hand, as a fine lady does her train in bad weather.†2 more
breechbreeches:pants
Show general definition rear

Most commonly used today in the phrase breech birth in reference to a baby who comes out of the birth canal butt-first rather than head-first.

More-archaic senses seen in classic literature include:
  • breechcloth -- a form of loincloth consisting in a strip of material passed between the thighs and held up in front and behind by a belt or string
  • breeches -- pants
  • a cannon's breech -- the rear of a gun
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reciprocatereturn the feeling
She was attracted to him, and he seemed to reciprocate.more
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Wolf would wag his tail, look wistfully in his master's face; and if dogs can feel pity, I verily believe he [v]reciprocated the sentiment with all his heart.†
reciprocatereciprocated:given in return
Show general definition to give in return -- such as invitations, gifts, actions, or feelings
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corroboratesupport
The detectives looked for evidence to corroborate her story.more
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He recollected Rip at once, and corroborated his story in the most satisfactory manner.†
corroboratecorroborated:supported
Show general definition to support an opinion -- typically with additional evidence or testimony
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squabbleargument over unimportant things
Their petty squabble is disrupting the team.more
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Certain it is that he was a great favorite among all the goodwives of the village, who took his part in all family squabbles; and never failed, whenever they talked those matters over in their evening gossipings, to lay all the blame on Dame Van Winkle.†
squabblesquabbles:argues -- typically over unimportant things; or instances of such arguments
Show general definition an act or instance of arguing -- typically over unimportant things