The Ransom of Red Chief — Vocabulary
O. Henry
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Exemplary sample Uses ACT/SAT
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emitemitemitted:sent out
The ozone layer blocks some harmful rays emitted by the sun.more
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They weren't yells, or howls, or shouts, or whoops, or yawps, such as you'd expect from a manly set of vocal organs—they were simply indecent, terrifying, humiliating screams, such as women emit when they see ghosts or caterpillars.†1 more
send out
Show general definition to produce and send out -- such as sound or light
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pervasiveexisting throughout something
We were losing 35 to 0 at halftime and there was a pervasive sense of gloom in the locker room.more
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There was a sylvan attitude of somnolent sleepiness pervading that section of the external outward surface of Alabama that lay exposed to my view.†
pervasivepervading:spreading or filling
Show general definition existing throughout something; or generally widespread
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collaboratework together on a common enterprise or project
The websites lets you collaborate with others on documents.†more
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So, to relieve Bill, I acceded, and we collaborated a letter that ran this way: Ebenezer Dorset, Esq.: We have your boy concealed in a place far from Summit.†
collaboratecollaborated:worked together
Show general definition work together on a common enterprise or project

or more rarely and especially in the form collaborator:  cooperate with the enemy as a traitor
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predominantpredominantpredominantly:most commonly
In the summer, our afternoon breezes come predominantly from the southwest.more
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I'm a grown person with masculine proclivities and habits of self-defense, but there is a time when all systems of egotism and predominance fail.
predominantpredominance:power or influence
Show general definition most frequent, common, or important; or having more power and influence
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subjugatesubjugatesubjugation:forced submission to another's dominance
The essay discusses that era's subjugation of women in a male-dominated world.more
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None of 'em ever was subjugated to such supernatural tortures as I have been.
subjugatesubjugated:forced to submit
Show general definition to force into submission
in various senses, including:
  • when a people are defeated in battle and oppressed -- as in "The Romans subjugated most of Europe."
  • when something is treated as less important than something else -- as in "subjugate the desires of the individual to the desires of the state," or "subjugate instinct to reason"
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impudentimproperly bold or disrespectful
She is an impudent girl given to insulting strangers.†more
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"Great pirates of Penzance!" says I; "of all the impudent—" But I glanced at Bill, and hesitated.†
Show general definition improperly bold or disrespectful -- especially toward someone who is older or considered to be of higher status
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martyrmartyrmartyrdom:someone who dies upholding religious principles
Many believe that all the Apostles were martyred except John; however, the Bible reports only on the martyrdom of James.more
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There was martyrs in old times," goes on Bill, "that suffered death rather than give up the particular graft they enjoyed.†
martyrmartyrs:dies or suffers due to upholding principle; or people who have suffered such a fate
Show general definition someone who is killed or made to suffer greatly for their beliefs, often unjustly; or someone who acts as if they suffer a lot; or to make someone into such a person
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treacherybetrayal
Benedict Arnold remains the U.S.'s symbol of ultimate treachery.more
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If you attempt any treachery or fail to comply with our demand as stated, you will never see your boy again.†
Show general definition the behavior of someone who pretends to be a friend and then tricks, cheats, or betrays
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apparitiona ghostlike figure
Hamlet saw an apparition at midnight.more
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It was, as Bill afterward expressed it, "during a moment of temporary mental apparition"; but we didn't find that out till later.†
a ghostlike figure or its appearance
Show general definition for apparition (as in: a headless apparition) a ghostlike figure or its appearance
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mortgageproperty loan
We are the proud owners of a new home and a $100,000 mortgage.more
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The father was respectable and tight, a mortgage fancier and a stern, upright collection-plate passer and forecloser.†
a real estate loan; or pledging something for a loan
Show general definition a real estate loan; or to offer real estate as collateral for a loan

(collateral is something that has to be given to the lender if the loan isn't paid as agreed)
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peremptorynot allowing contradiction or refusal
The judge issued a peremptory order, leaving no room for debate or discussion.more
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Also, I thought it best to send a peremptory letter to old man Dorset that day, demanding the ransom and dictating how it should be paid.†
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ineffableindescribable (impossible to put into words)
Such a spiritual experience has ineffable qualities that cannot be entirely shared.more
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Bill is puffing and blowing, but there is a look of ineffable peace and growing content on his rose-pink features.†
something that cannot be adequately described with words
Show general definition something that cannot be adequately described with words--perhaps something too wonderful or intense to describe
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proclivitytendency
She has a proclivity for exaggeration.more
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I'm a grown person with masculine proclivities and habits of self-defense, but there is a time when all systems of egotism and predominance fail.†
proclivityproclivities:tendencies
Show general definition a tendency, inclination, preference, or strength
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Esquiretitle for a lawyer
After passing the bar exam, she officially signed her letters as "Jessica Martinez, Esquire."more
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So, to relieve Bill, I acceded, and we collaborated a letter that ran this way: Ebenezer Dorset, Esq.: We have your boy concealed in a place far from Summit.†
EsquireEsq.:United States:  a lawyer
Show general definition United States:  a lawyer -- typically abbreviated (Esq.) after the name

United Kingdom:  a title of respect for a man
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Buffalo BillU.S. showman famous for his Wild West Show (1846-1917)
Although best remembered as a showman, in his early days Buffalo Bill was also awarded the Medal of Honor for "gallantry in action" while serving as a civilian scout in the Indian Wars.more
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We're making Buffalo Bill's show look like magic-lantern views of Palestine in the town hall.†
U.S. showman famous for his Wild West Show
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contiguoussharing boundaries
Texas is the largest of the contiguous 48 states.more
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I went up on the peak of the little mountain and ran my eye over the contiguous vicinity.†
with a common boundary; or very close in space or time
Show general definition with a common boundary; or very close in space or time
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thereforefor that reason
Kim is taller than Ashley. Ashley is taller than Anna. Therefore, Kim is taller than Anna.more
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Philoprogenitiveness, says we, is strong in semi-rural communities; therefore and for other reasons, a kidnapping project ought to do better there than in the radius of newspapers that send reporters out in plain clothes to stir up talk about such things.†
Show general definition for that reason (what follows is so because of what was just said)
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externaloutside (in this case, trade with people and companies in other countries)
External trade makes up almost half of the country's economy.more
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There was a sylvan attitude of somnolent sleepiness pervading that section of the external outward surface of Alabama that lay exposed to my view.†
outside
Show general definition outside
in various senses, including:
  • coming from or existing outside a place, organization or thing -- as in "external trade"
  • forming or relating to an outside boundary -- as in "external walls"
  • on the surface or superficial as contrasted to something that is deep or complete -- as in "external appearances"
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complykeep (follow or obey)
You must comply with school rules if you want to stay on the team.more
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If you attempt any treachery or fail to comply with our demand as stated, you will never see your boy again.†
to act in agreement with a rule, request, or demand
Show general definition to act in agreement with a rule, request, or demand
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frauddeception to get something illegally
She was arrested for committing credit card fraud after using someone else’s account to buy expensive electronics.more
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Bill and me had a joint capital of about six hundred dollars, and we needed just two thousand dollars more to pull off a fraudulent town-lot scheme in Western Illinois with.†
fraudfraudulent:dishonest
Show general definition the act of deceiving someone for personal gain; or a person or thing that is not what it pretends or appears to be