Home — Vocabulary
Anton Chekhov
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deceptiondeceiving or misleading
The law is intended to defeat denial and deception strategies.more
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Medicine should be sweet, truth beautiful, and man has had this foolish habit since the days of Adam ...though, indeed, perhaps it is all natural, and ought to be so....There are many deceptions and delusions in nature that serve a purpose.†1 more
deceptiondeceptions:instances of intentionally misleading; or things done to mislead
Show general definition the act of lying to or misleading someone; or something that misleads
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expelexpelexpulsion:the act of forcing out (in this case, kicking someone out of school)
Her records show expulsion from two schools.more
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The prosecutor remembered two or three boys who had been expelled and their subsequent life, and could not help thinking that very often the punishment did a great deal more harm than the crime itself.†2 more
expelexpelled:forced out
Show general definition force out
especially in 2 primary senses:
  • kicking someone out of an organization -- such as a school or country
  • squeezing something to eliminate a liquid or gas
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adaptadaptadapted:changed (to fit this situation)
Ideas contained in passages for this test, some of which are excerpted or adapted from published material, do not necessarily represent the opinions of the College Board.more
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The living organism has the power of rapidly adapting itself, growing accustomed and inured to any atmosphere whatever, otherwise man would be bound to feel at every moment what an irrational basis there often is underlying his rational activity, and how little of established truth and certainty there is even in work so responsible and so terrible in its effects as that of the teacher, of the lawyer, of the writer.... And such light and discursive thoughts as visit the brain only when it is weary and resting began straying through Yevgeny Petrovitch's head;†
adaptadapting:changing to fit a different situation
Show general definition for adapt (as in: adapted to the new rules) changed to fit a different situation; or made suitable
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establishestablishestablishing:showing or demonstrating
The passage is primarily about establishing the relationship between the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and global temperature.more
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The living organism has the power of rapidly adapting itself, growing accustomed and inured to any atmosphere whatever, otherwise man would be bound to feel at every moment what an irrational basis there often is underlying his rational activity, and how little of established truth and certainty there is even in work so responsible and so terrible in its effects as that of the teacher, of the lawyer, of the writer….
establishestablished:firmly known
Show general definition for establish (as in: establish that there is a need) show or determine (cause to be recognized or figure out)
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subsequentfollowing
Her guess was proven right by subsequent developments.more
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The prosecutor remembered two or three boys who had been expelled and their subsequent life, and could not help thinking that very often the punishment did a great deal more harm than the crime itself.†
following something else
Show general definition following something else
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devisecome up with (invent or create)
She plans to devise something to launch water balloons.more
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A nice task to devise a punishment for him!†
Show general definition for devise (as in: devise a plan) to come up with a way of doing something -- typically a creative idea or plan
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irrationalunreasonable
I have an irrational fear of spiders.more
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The living organism has the power of rapidly adapting itself, growing accustomed and inured to any atmosphere whatever, otherwise man would be bound to feel at every moment what an irrational basis there often is underlying his rational activity, and how little of established truth and certainty there is even in work so responsible and so terrible in its effects as that of the teacher, of the lawyer, of the writer.... And such light and discursive thoughts as visit the brain only when it is weary and resting began straying through Yevgeny Petrovitch's head;†
Show general definition not reasonable
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recollectremember
I think I recollect that she was away at college that year.more
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"Oh yes," Seryozha recollected, and his eyes smiled.†
recollectrecollected:remembered
Show general definition to remember -- especially experiences from long ago
Show editor's word notes Synonym Comparison (if you're into word choice):

Relative to its synonyms, recollect brings to mind a leisurely piecing together of distant memories. It may be used in a less formal manner than remember and is almost always less formal than recall.
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principlebelief
I accept as a basic principle that all people are precious and should be treated with equal dignity.more
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The modern teacher, taking his stand on logic, tries to make the child form good principles, not from fear, nor from desire for distinction or reward, but consciously.†
principleprinciples:basic rules or beliefs
Show general definition a basic rule or belief
The exact meaning of principle can depend upon its context. For example:
  • "our guiding principles" -- basic moral beliefs that guide decisions and behavior
  • "electromagnetic principles" -- rules describing how the world works
  • "She lacks principles." -- lacks moral guidelines
  • "We agree in principle." -- about important basic beliefs
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languidslow, unhurried
No urging could increase his languid pace.more
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Languidly linking one phrase on to another and imitating the language of the nursery, Bykovsky tried to explain to his son the meaning of property.†
languidlanguidly:without much energy; or moving slowly or in a relaxed manner
Show general definition lacking energy or relaxed or moving slowly
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monotonouslacking variety and boring
We hope to replace people with robots for the most monotonous work.more
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The pacing of the man overhead who, to judge from his nervous step, was thinking of something harassing, or was suffering from toothache, and the monotonous scales gave the stillness of the evening a drowsiness that disposed to lazy reveries.†
lacking in variety and/or boring
Show general definition lacking in variety -- typically boring
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naivenaivenaïve:lacking the understanding or sophistication that comes from experience
She criticized America's naïve foreign policy.more
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This ending struck Yevgeny Petrovitch as absurd and naïve, but the whole story made an intense impression on Seryozha.†
naivenaïve:lacking experience or sophistication, and the understanding that comes from them
Show general definition lacking experience or sophistication, and the understanding that comes from them -- often too trusting or optimistic
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perplexperplexperplexed:confused
She was perplexed by the rules of the game.more
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"What have I done to you?" he asked in perplexity, blinking.†
perplexperplexity:confusion due to complexity
Show general definition to confuse
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rationalrationalrationally:in a reasonable manner
It's hard to think rationally when I'm this upset.more
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The living organism has the power of rapidly adapting itself, growing accustomed and inured to any atmosphere whatever, otherwise man would be bound to feel at every moment what an irrational basis there often is underlying his rational activity, and how little of established truth and certainty there is even in work so responsible and so terrible in its effects as that of the teacher, of the lawyer, of the writer.... And such light and discursive thoughts as visit the brain only when it is weary and resting began straying through Yevgeny Petrovitch's head;†
reasonable
Show general definition for rational (as in: rational behavior) reasonable, able to think clearly, or based on logic rather than emotion
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pensiveappearing deep in thought
She paced back and forth in the hospital waiting room--looking pensive.more
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Seryozha looked pensively at the lamp, touched the lamp-shade with his finger, and heaved a sigh.†1 more
pensivepensively:with deep thought
Show general definition appearing deep in thought -- typically looking sad or serious
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eradicateeliminate
The city's health department launched a campaign to eradicate the spread of the virus by promoting vaccinations and hygiene practices.more
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You think it is not important, but at his age smoking is a bad and pernicious habit, and bad habits ought to be eradicated in the beginning.†
eradicateeradicated:eliminate or destroy completely
Show general definition eliminate or destroy completely
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ingeniousshowing cleverness and originality
It is an ingenious solution to the problem. It is as reliable as it is easy.more
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Seryozha was very fond of this improvisation, and the prosecutor noticed that the simpler and the less ingenious the plot, the stronger the impression it made on the child.†
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impromptumade without advance preparation
Her impromptu remarks cleared up the confusion before rumors could start.more
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Scenes, characters, and situations were taken at random, impromptu, and the plot and the moral came of itself as it were, with no plan on the part of the story-teller.†
without advance preparation
Show general definition without advance preparation
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infirmweak from old age or disease
She is too infirm to walk unassisted.more
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His infirm and sick old father was left without anyone to help him.†
Show general definition weak from old age or disease
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scrupulouscareful and thorough
You can count on her. She is scrupulous in her work.more
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But we think too much, we are eaten up by logic....The more developed a man is, the more he reflects and gives himself up to subtleties, the more undecided and scrupulous he becomes, and the more timidity he shows in taking action.†
careful to behave ethically and/or diligently
Show general definition careful to behave ethically and/or diligently (with great care and attention to detail)