The Prince — Vocabulary
Nicolo Machiavelli
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Exemplary sample	Uses	ACT/SAT
	13	top 100
establishestablish → established:created Which word choice best maintains the tone established in the first paragraph?more Show sample from book Principalities are either hereditary, in which the family has been long established; or they are new.13 more establish → established:set in place Show general definition for establish (as in: establish a positive tone) create, start, or set in [a] place
	1	top 100
establish#2establish → establishing:showing or demonstrating The passage is primarily about establishing the relationship between the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and global temperature.more Show sample from book But granted a prince who has established himself as above, who can command, and is a man of courage, undismayed in adversity, who does not fail in other qualifications, and who, by his resolution and energy, keeps the whole people encouraged—such a one will never find himself deceived in them, and it will be shown that he has laid his foundations well.13 more establish → established:proven Show general definition for establish (as in: establish that there is a need) show or determine (cause to be recognized or figure out)
	20
valorcourage (exceptional or heroic courage when facing danger -- especially in battle) She received a medal for valor.more Show sample from book For the old Roman valour is not dead,19 more valor → valour:courage when facing danger (especially in battle) Show context notes This is a British spelling. Americans use valor. Show general definition exceptional or heroic courage when facing danger -- especially in battle
	1	top 2000
attributeattribute → attributes:characteristics The spreadsheet has a column to describe the breed of dog and then ten additional columns to indicate attributes of the breeds. For example, the second column has the average full-grown weight.more Show sample from book Therefore, any one wishing to maintain among men the name of liberal is obliged to avoid no attribute of magnificence; so that a prince thus inclined will consume in such acts all his property, and will be compelled in the end, if he wish to maintain the name of liberal, to unduly weigh down his people, and tax them, and do everything he can to get money.†5 more characteristic (of something or someone) Show general definition for attribute (as in: It is an attribute of...) a characteristic or feature (of something or someone)
	5	top 100
attribute#2attribute → attributed:credited (pointed to as the source of) She attributed this quotation to Shakespeare.more Show sample from book And in fact is has been seen that the greatness of the Church and of Spain in Italy has been caused by France, and her ruin may be attributed to them.†5 more attribute → attributed:credited (pointed to as the cause of something) Show general definition for attribute (as in: I attribute it to...) to credit (a source for something) in two typical senses: "I attribute it to her work." -- to say who or what made something happen "Remember to attribute any quotations in your paper." -- indicate the source of a quotation or idea
	13	top 1000
factionfaction → factions:sub-groups It was a fight between the moderate and progressive factions of the Democratic Party.more Show sample from book During the rioting between the Cancellieri and Panciatichi factions in 150212 more Show general definition a sub-group with some interests not shared by the entire group
	11	top 200
prudentsensible and careful She was promoted to manager because she is so prudent.more Show sample from book Neither could you have a better or a more prudent arrangement, or a greater source of security to the king and kingdom.†10 more
	15	top 1000
compelforce Does our DNA compel us to act as we do?more Show sample from book The Carthaginians, reduced to extreme necessity, were compelled to come to terms with Agathocles,14 more compel → compelled:forced Show general definition to force someone to do something or more rarely: to convince someone to do something Show editor's word notes Most typically, compel describes an external influence forcing someone to do something, but it can also describe being driven by an internal desire.
	15	top 1000
oppressoppress → oppresses:treats harshly and unfairly The regime oppresses its people.more Show sample from book ...the people do not wish to be ruled nor oppressed by the nobles,14 more oppress → oppressed:dominated harshly and unfairly Show general definition for oppress (as in: oppressive government) to dominate harshly and unfairly; or to make suffer The meaning of oppress depends upon its context. For example: "The authorities oppress political activists," or "The new nation oppressed Native Americans." -- to dominate harshly and unfairly "She is oppressed by excessive debt." - made to suffer
	14	top 2000
republicrepublic → republics:governmental systems in which a majority of citizens elect representatives to make laws The United States and each of its states are republics.more Show sample from book All states, all powers, that have held and hold rule over men have been and are either republics or principalities.†13 more Show general definition for republic (as in: the country is a republic) of a system of government in which a majority of citizens elect representatives to make laws; or someone in favor of such a form of government
	9	top 500
attaingain or reach something with effort She was the first woman to attain the rank of general.more Show sample from book Take then, your Magnificence, this little gift in the spirit in which I send it; wherein, if it be diligently read and considered by you, you will learn my extreme desire that you should attain that greatness which fortune and your other attributes promise.†8 more Show general definition to gain or reach something with effort
	11	top 1000
reproachreproach → reproached:criticized and expressed disappointment She reproached him for treating his sister so thoughtlessly.more Show sample from book princes ought to leave affairs of reproach to the management of others, and keep those of grace in their own hands.10 more criticism Show general definition a criticism; or to express criticism or disappointment -- especially where a relationship makes the disapproval result in disappointment or shame Show editor's word notes The expression "beyond reproach" is often used to indicate that one must not only be careful to do everything right, but must be careful not to do anything that might make people suspect they did something wrong. For example, politicians often need to behave in a manner that is beyond reproach. "Beyond reproach" can also suggest that something is perfect. More rarely, it can also be used to suggest that someone is too powerful or too well-connected to criticize.
	11	top 2000
conspireconspire → conspired:secretly planned together The hackers conspired to breach the bank's security system, aiming to steal millions of dollars.more Show sample from book Some may wonder how it can happen that Agathocles, and his like, after infinite treacheries and cruelties, should live for long secure in his country, and defend himself from external enemies, and never be conspired against by his own citizens; seeing that many others, by means of cruelty, have never been able even in peaceful times to hold the state, still less in the doubtful times of war.†10 more conspire → conspired:secretly plan together to do something Show general definition secretly plan together to do something -- especially something illegal or harmful or: of events and circumstances: seemingly cooperate to achieve something
	14	top 2000
accordaccord → accordance:keeping She will get a fair trial in accordance with the law.more Show sample from book I believe also that he will be successful who directs his actions according to the spirit of the times,14 more accord → according to:in keeping with Show general definition for accord (as in: according to, or in accord with) in keeping with; or in agreement/harmony/unity with This meaning of accord is often seen in the form according to or accordingly where it can take on more specific meanings. For example: "According to Kim, ..." -- as stated by "To each according to her ability." -- based upon "Points are scored according to how well they perform." -- depending upon "The dose is calculated according to body weight." -- in proportion to "We got a flat tire. Accordingly, I pulled to the side of the road." -- because of what was just said; or as a result
	1
accord#2accord → accorded:given special treatment They expect to be accorded the same respect as any other nuclear armed nation.more Show sample from book But let us come to Alexander, who was a man of such great goodness, that among the other praises which are accorded him is this, that in the fourteen years he held the empire no one was ever put to death by him unjudged;14 more accord → accorded:given (special treatment) Show general definition for accord (as in: accord her the respect deserved) to give someone special treatment -- especially respect
	6
illustriousfamous and respected The university invited an illustrious scientist to speak at the graduation ceremony.more Show sample from book Nor is there to be seen at present one in whom she can place more hope than in your illustrious house,(*) with its valour and fortune, favoured by God and by the Church of which it is now the chief, and which could be made the head of this redemption.†5 more famous and admired; OR worthy of admiration Show general definition famous and admired; or worthy of admiration
	6
ordinancelaw The city passed an ordinance to increase the minimum wage to $15 per hour.more Show sample from book And nothing honours a man more than to establish new laws and new ordinances when he himself was newly risen.†5 more ordinance → ordinances:a rule or law -- typically enacted by city government Show general definition for ordinance (as in: passed the ordinance) a rule or law -- typically enacted by city government
	3	top 500
impetuousimpulsive (made suddenly without much thought) She regretted her impetuous promise.†more Show sample from book Pope Julius the Second went to work impetuously in all his affairs, and found the times and circumstances conform so well ... that he always met with success.2 more impetuous → impetuously:impulsive (acting suddenly without much thought) Show general definition for impetuous (as in: an impetuous decision) impulsive (acting suddenly without much thought) -- often with an unfortunate consequence
	2	top 500
superfluousmore than is needed, desired, or required Eliminate superfluous words.more Show sample from book If, therefore, all the steps taken by the duke be considered, it will be seen that he laid solid foundations for his future power, and I do not consider it superfluous to discuss them, because I do not know what better precepts to give a new prince than the example of his actions;1 more more than is desired
	4
annexannex → annexed:took territory to make it part of a larger territory The county annexed the rural community where we live.more Show sample from book The new are either entirely new, as was Milan to Francesco Sforza, or they are, as it were, members annexed to the hereditary state of the prince who has acquired them, as was the kingdom of Naples to that of the King of Spain.†3 more annex → annexed:took territory Show general definition for annex (as in: annexed the community) to take territory and make it part of a larger territory -- such as a city making land outside of it a part of the city