Washington Square — Vocabulary
Henry James
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Exemplary sample Uses ACT/SAT
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obligeobligeobliges:requires
The law obliges doctors to report suspected child abuse.more
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"The woman's an idiot," thought Morris; but he was obliged to say something different.11 more
obligeobliged:required (to do something)
Show general definition for oblige (as in: I am obliged by law.) require (obligate) to do something
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obligedgrateful or indebted
I am much obliged to you for your help.more
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I am really very much obliged to her.11 more
Show general definition for obliged (as in: I'm much obliged for your kindness) grateful or indebted
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inquiryinvestigation
The school launched an official inquiry into the allegations of cheating.more
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Here, suddenly, Morris was interrupted; these ingenious inquiries had not reached Catherine's ears.†8 more
inquiryinquiries:questions or investigations
Show general definition a question or investigation -- especially one meant to gather information or find out the truth
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contradictdisagree with
Does the sentence contradict the main claim of the essay?more
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It wouldn't give you any pleasure to contradict him?†6 more
disagree
Show general definition disagree
in various senses, including:
  • to say something is not true -- as in "She contradicted his testimony."
  • to say something else is true when both can't be true -- as in "I don't believe her. She contradicted herself as she told us what happened."
  • to be in conflict with -- as in "Her assertions contradict accepted scientific principles."
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attributeattributeattributes:characteristics
The spreadsheet has a column to describe the breed of dog and then ten additional columns to indicate attributes of the breeds. For example, the second column has the average full-grown weight.more
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"Their number is infinite!" said Mrs. Penniman, in a tone which seemed to suggest that this convenient faculty was one of her brightest attributes.†2 more
attributeattributes:characteristics (of something or someone)
Show general definition for attribute (as in: It is an attribute of...) a characteristic or feature (of something or someone)
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attribute#2attributeattributed:credited (pointed to as the source of)
She attributed this quotation to Shakespeare.more
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He was a thoroughly honest man—honest in a degree of which he had perhaps lacked the opportunity to give the complete measure; and, putting aside the great good-nature of the circle in which he practised, which was rather fond of boasting that it possessed the "brightest" doctor in the country, he daily justified his claim to the talents attributed to him by the popular voice.2 more
attributeattributed:credited (pointed to as the cause of something)
Show general definition for attribute (as in: I attribute it to...) to credit (a source for something)
in two typical senses:
  • "I attribute it to her work." -- to say who or what made something happen
  • "Remember to attribute any quotations in your paper." -- indicate the source of a quotation or idea
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inconsistentnot the same at different times
Her play is inconsistent. Sometimes she's unbeatable and other times she beats herself.more
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As regards this, however, a critical attitude would be inconsistent with a candid reference to the early annals of any biographer.†5 more
not the same in different parts or at different times…
Show general definition not the same in different parts or at different times

or:

not in agreement [with something else]
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discretionbehavior that does not attract undesired attention or reveal secrets
This firm prides itself on its discretion and will not reveal client matters or even acknowledge who is a client.more
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She had told Morris Townsend that she would not mention him to her father, and she saw no reason to retract this vow of discretion.5 more
keeping a secret (so that discomfort is not caused for another)
Show general definition for discretion (as in: embarrassing lack of discretion) behavior that does not attract undesired attention or reveal private information
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discretion#2good judgment
This program contains violence that may not be appropriate for younger viewers. Parental discretion is advised.more
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I have not interfered, I have left you your liberty, I have remembered that you are no longer a little girl-that you have arrived at years of discretion.5 more
Show general definition for discretion (as in: Parental discretion advised.) good judgment or good taste
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discreetdiscreetdiscreetly:in a manner that is unlikely to attract attention
I leave my phone on silent mode, so it can alert me discreetly when I receive a text message.more
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Then she saw a gentleman standing in the middle of the room, from which her aunt had discreetly retired.5 more
discreetdiscreetly:in a manner that is unlikely to attract attention or cause embarrassment
Show general definition for discreet (as in: discreet--not showy or gossipy) trustworthy with secrets or subtle (not attracting attention)
Show editor's word notes This sense of discreet sometimes indicates that something is small (so as not to attract attention) as in "discreet earrings."
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discreet#2sensible and careful
She is a discreet investor.more
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Well, I have been indiscreet, formerly; but I think I have got over it.5 more
discreetindiscreet:not sensible or careful
Show context notes The prefix "in-" in indiscreet means not and reverses the meaning of discreet. This is the same pattern you see in words like invisible, incomplete, and insecure.
Show general definition for discreet (as in: discreet--not foolish) sensible and careful; possibly having good manners
Show editor's word notes This sense of discreet is more commonly seen in classic literature than in modern writing. There is may also refer to having the judgment to exercise good manners.
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trifletrifletrifling:unimportant
We all agree with the goal, but how to achieve it is not a trifling matter.more
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She had a vision of this ceremony being performed in some subterranean chapel—subterranean chapels in New York were not frequent, but Mrs. Penniman's imagination was not chilled by trifles—and of the guilty couple—she liked to think of poor Catherine and her suitor as the guilty couple—being shuffled away in a fast-whirling vehicle to some obscure lodging in the suburbs, where she would pay them (in a thick veil) clandestine visits, where they would endure a period of romantic privation, and where ultimately, after she should have been their earthly providence, their intercessor, their advocate, and their medium of communication with the world, they should be reconciled to her brother in an†2 more
trifletrifles:things of small importance
Show general definition for trifle (as in: a trifling matter) something of small importance; or a small quantity
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trifle withtreat thoughtlessly or without respect
She is not a woman to trifle with or ignore.more
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It seems to make you very happy that your daughter's affections have been trifled with.†2 more
trifle withtrifled with:treated thoughtlessly or without respect
Show general definition for trifle with (as in: trifle with her affections) to treat somebody or something thoughtlessly or without respect
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cleavesplit
Large molecules cleave at their weakest points and produce smaller fragments.more
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Catherine's outbreak of anger and the sense of wrong gave her, while they lasted, the satisfaction that comes from all assertion of force; they hurried her along, and there is always a sort of pleasure in cleaving the air.1 more
cleavecleaving:splitting
Show general definition for cleave (as in: cleave through) to split or cut through something
Show editor's word notes Ironically, this word can mean to split in two or to hold together.

Note that you may see cleaved, cleft, clove, or cloven as the past tense of this sense of cleave.
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cleave#2cleavecleaves:holds firmly
The New Testament quotes the Old Testament twice in saying, "Therefore a man leaves his father and his mother and cleaves to this wife, and they become one flesh."more
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"You will cleave to me?" said Morris.1 more
hold firmly
Show general definition for cleave (as in: cleave to) to hold firmly to something -- such as an object, a person or idea
Show editor's word notes Ironically, this word can mean to split in two or to hold together.

Note that you may see cleaved, clove, or clave as the past tense of this sense of cleave.
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correspondwrite to each other
We correspond regularly via email.more
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He supposed she was in correspondence with Morris Townsend; but he held his peace about it, for he never saw the young man's letters, and Catherine's own missives were always given to the courier to post.†1 more
correspondcorrespondence:communication by written letters or messages
Show general definition for correspond (as in: corresponding by email) communicate -- typically by writing letters or email
Show editor's word notes A corresponding secretary is an officer of an organization who is responsible for managing the organization's correspondence and keeping a record of it.
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correspondencedone from afar via written communication
She took a correspondence course while she was in prison.more
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I haven't the least idea; I am not in secret correspondence with him!†1 more
done from afar
Show general definition for correspondence (as in: a correspondence course) done from afar
Show editor's word notes For example, a corresponding member or a correspondence course.

This sense of corresponding arose because people who lived in distant cities and could not be present for meetings, could communicate by sending written communications.
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tacitimplied (not directly said, but understood)
There was a tacit understanding that Jessica would play good cop and Tyler would play bad cop.more
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His assent could only be tacit, for he had never been dazzled by his sister's intellectual lustre.†3 more
implied
Show general definition implied or understood, but not expressed directly
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dispositionnormal mood or typical way of behaving
She has a cheerful disposition.more
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Mrs. Penniman was a tall, thin, fair, rather faded woman, with a perfectly amiable disposition, a high standard of gentility, a taste for light literature, and a certain foolish indirectness and obliquity of character.3 more
normal mood and personality
Show general definition for disposition (as in: a kind disposition) someone's personality, nature, or typical way of behaving
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disposition#2final decision
What was the disposition of the court?more
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The first of these dated from ten years back, and consisted of a series of dispositions by which he left the great mass of property to his daughter, with becoming legacies to his two sisters.3 more
dispositiondispositions:decisions
Show general definition for disposition (as in: disposition of the matter) the decision or action taken when an issue was settled so that it no longer requires attention