All 50 Uses of
maternal
in
Half the Sky
- It was difficult back then to envision the Council on Foreign Relations fretting about maternal mortality or female genital mutilation.†
Chpt Intr.
- The wood-paneled halls that have been used for discussions of MIRV warheads and NATO policy are now employed as well to host well-attended sessions on maternal mortality.†
Chpt Intr.
- We will try to lay out an agenda for the world's women focusing on three particular abuses: sex trafficking and forced prostitution; gender-based violence, including honor killings and mass rape; and maternal mortality, which still needlessly claims one woman a minute.†
Chpt Intr.
- Maternal Mortality--One Woman a Minute Preparation for death is that most Reasonable and Seasonable thing, to which you must now apply yourself.†
Chpt 6
- Most of the time, such women don't get any surgical help to repair their fistulas, because maternal health and childbirth injuries are rarely a priority.†
Chpt 6
- Yet maternal health generally gets minimal attention because those who die or suffer injuries overwhelmingly start with three strikes against them: They are female, they are poor, and they are rural.†
Chpt 6
- But maternal care is particularly neglected, never receiving adequate funding.†
Chpt 6
- For the 2009 fiscal year, President George W. Bush actually proposed an 18 percent cut in USAID spending for maternal and child care to just $370 million, or about $1.†
Chpt 6
- Right now the amount we Americans spend on maternal health is equivalent to less than one twentieth of 1 percent of the amount we spend on our military.†
Chpt 6
- Child mortality has plunged, longevity has increased, but childbirth remains almost as deadly as ever, with one maternal death every minute.†
Chpt 6
- The most common measure is the maternal mortality ratio (MMR).†
Chpt 6
- This refers to the number of maternal deaths for every 100,000 live births, although the data collection is usually so poor that the figures are only rough estimates.†
Chpt 6
- So lifetime risk of maternal death is one thousand times higher in a poor country than in the West.†
Chpt 6
- WHO found that between 1990 and 2005, developed and middle-income countries reduced maternal mortality significantly, but Africa reduced it hardly at all.†
Chpt 6
- Maternal morbidity (injuries in childbirth) occurs even more often than maternal mortality.†
Chpt 6
- Maternal morbidity (injuries in childbirth) occurs even more often than maternal mortality.†
Chpt 6
- If more people could meet this warm twenty-one-year-old peasant with a soft voice, we're sure "maternal health" would suddenly become a priority for them.†
Chpt 6
- But for decades, one American doctor has led the fight to call attention to maternal health.†
Chpt 6
- Allan was bowled over by what he saw in Nigeria, particularly by the need for family planning and for maternal care.†
Chpt 6
- Any serious effort to reduce maternal mortality likewise requires a public health perspective--reducing unwanted pregnancies and providing prenatal care so that last-minute medical crises are less frequent.†
Chpt 6
- Allan Rosenfield struggled to combine this public health perspective with practical medicine--and he became a social entrepreneur in the world of maternal health.†
Chpt 6
- It declared: It is difficult to understand why maternal mortality receives so little serious attention from health professionals, policy makers, and politicians.†
Chpt 6
- The article led to a global advocacy movement on behalf of maternal health, and it coincided with Allan's appointment as dean of Columbia's Mailman School of Public Health.†
Chpt 6
- Then, in 1999, with a $50 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, he launched an organization called Averting Maternal Death and Disability (AMDD), which undertook a pioneering global effort to make childbirth safe.†
Chpt 6
- Increasingly, Allan began approaching maternal death not just as a public health concern but also as a human rights issue.†
Chpt 6
- "The technical solutions to reduce maternal mortality are not enough," Allan wrote in one essay.†
Chpt 6
- We saw its impact when we stopped by a clinic in Zinder, in eastern Niger, the country with the highest lifetime risk of maternal mortality in the world.†
Chpt 6
- The Zinder clinic, it turned out, was part of a pilot program in Niger arranged by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)* and AMDD to fight maternal mortality.†
Chpt 6
- It truly seemed a miracle, and it showed what is possible if we make maternal health a priority.†
Chpt 6
- --ASHA-ROSE MIGIRO, UN DEPUTY SECRETARY GENERAL, 2007 The first step to saving mothers' lives is to understand the reasons for maternal mortality.†
Chpt 7
- We had come upon the clinic by accident and dropped in to inquire about maternal health in the area.†
Chpt 7
- Data on pelvis shapes is poor, but African women seem disproportionately likely to have anthropoid pelvises, and some experts on maternal health offer that as one reason maternal mortality rates are so high in Africa.†
Chpt 7
- Data on pelvis shapes is poor, but African women seem disproportionately likely to have anthropoid pelvises, and some experts on maternal health offer that as one reason maternal mortality rates are so high in Africa.†
Chpt 7
- One problem with our proposal for donor countries to invest heavily in maternal care in Africa is that those countries lack the doctors--at least those willing to serve in rural areas.†
Chpt 7
- There's a strong correlation between countries where women are marginalized and countries with high maternal mortality.†
Chpt 7
- Indeed, in the United States, maternal mortality remained very high throughout the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century, even as incomes rose and access to doctors increased.†
Chpt 7
- But from the 1920s to the 1940s in the United States, maternal mortality rates plunged--apparently because the same society that was giving women the right to vote also found the political will to direct resources to maternal health.†
Chpt 7
- But from the 1920s to the 1940s in the United States, maternal mortality rates plunged--apparently because the same society that was giving women the right to vote also found the political will to direct resources to maternal health.†
Chpt 7
- Unfortunately, maternal health is persistently diminished as a "women's issue.†
Chpt 7
- "Maternal deaths in developing countries are often the ultimate tragic outcome of the cumulative denial of women's human rights," noted the journal Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology.†
Chpt 7
- While we may ignore it, maternal health does involve sex and sexuality; it is bloody and messy; and I think many men (not all, of course) have a visceral antipathy for dealing with it.†
Chpt 7
- Poverty is obviously also a factor, but high rates of maternal mortality are not inevitable in poor countries.†
Chpt 7
- Since 1935 it has managed to halve its maternal deaths every six to twelve years.†
Chpt 7
- Over the last half century, Sri Lanka has brought its maternal mortality ratio down from 550 maternal deaths for every 100,000 live births to just 58.†
Chpt 7
- Over the last half century, Sri Lanka has brought its maternal mortality ratio down from 550 maternal deaths for every 100,000 live births to just 58.†
Chpt 7
- And an excellent civil registration system has recorded maternal deaths since 1900, so that Sri Lanka actually has data, in contrast to vague estimates in many other countries.†
Chpt 7
- Investments in educating girls resulted in women having more economic value and more influence in society, and that seems to be one reason that greater energy was devoted to reducing maternal mortality.†
Chpt 7
- A campaign against malaria also reduced maternal deaths, since pregnant women are especially vulnerable to that disease.†
Chpt 7
- Sri Lanka shows what it takes to reduce maternal mortality.†
Chpt 7
- "Looking at maternal mortality is a great way to look at a health system as a whole, because it requires you to do a great many things," says Dr. Paul Farmer, the Harvard public health specialist.†
Chpt 7
Definition:
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(maternal as in: maternal grandmother) relating to a mother; or characteristic of parents -- such as to care for and help to develop