All 5 Uses

although
in
Of Human Bondage
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And experiences of the same kind are necessary for the individual to become conscious of himself; but here there is the difference that, although everyone becomes equally conscious of his body as a separate and complete organism, everyone does not become equally conscious of himself as a complete and separate personality.†
Chpt 13-14

although = even though -- used to connect contrasting ideas
But although I'm not exactly engaged to Hermann I can never love anyone else, and I look upon myself as his bride.'†
Chpt 23-24 *
Philip's knowledge of the language was small, but he knew enough to tell that Cronshaw, although he had lived in Paris for several years, spoke French execrably.†
Chpt 41-42
The poor old gentleman's so dependent on me, and, although he is troublesome sometimes, you can't help liking him, can you?†
Chpt 109-110
It was evidently very unusual for someone to offer a partnership to a newly qualified man; and he realised with wonder that, although nothing would induce him to say so, Doctor South had taken a fancy to him.†
Chpt 117-118

Definitions:

(1) (although)
even though -- used to introduce an idea that contrasts with or makes the main statement surprising

At the start of a sentence, although can play a role similar to words like however, yet, still, even so, on the other hand, or nonetheless—all of which signal contrast. In the middle of a sentence, although can sometimes be used where but or though might also work, but though or but often sound more natural. For example, "She's a great teacher, though not the most popular" is usually smoother than "She's a great teacher, although not the most popular."
(2) (meaning too rare to warrant focus)