All 50 Uses

DNA
in
Jurassic Park
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When, in 1953, two young researchers in England, James Watson and Francis Crick, deciphered the structure of DNA, their work was hailed as a triumph of the human spirit, of the centuries-old quest to understand the universe in a scientific way.
p. x.8

DNA = genetic instructions that influence biological traits
The company seemed obviously focused on animals; and they had hired researchers with an interest in the past—paleobiologists, DNA phylogeneticists, and so on.†
p. 72.9
With each passing year, the manipulation of DNA had grown easier.
p. 73.9 *

DNA = genetic instructions that influence biological traits
By 1985, it seemed possible that quagga DNA might be reconstituted, and a new animal grown.†
p. 73.9
If so, it would be the first creature brought back from extinction solely by reconstruction of its DNA.†
p. 74.1
Of course, no dinosaur DNA was known to exist anywhere in the world.†
p. 74.1
But by grinding up large quantities of dinosaur bones it might be possible to extract fragments of DNA.†
p. 74.2
Formerly it was thought that fossilization eliminated all DNA.†
p. 74.2
If enough DNA fragments were recovered, it might be possible to clone a living animal.†
p. 74.3
Of course, if we could obtain examples of their dinosaurs, we could reverse engineer them and make our own, with enough modifications in the DNA to evade their patents.†
p. 75.3
I'm talking about a legitimate source of their DNA.†
p. 75.5
Bioengineered DNA was, weight for weight, the most valuable material in the world.†
p. 76.4
Dodgson wanted more than bacterial DNA; he wanted frozen embryos, and he knew InGen guarded its embryos with the most elaborate security measures.†
p. 76.9
Grant said, "My only question is, where'd they get the DNA?"†
p. 95.1
Grant was aware of serious speculation in laboratories in Berkeley, Tokyo, and London that it might eventually be possible to clone an extinct animal such as a dinosaur—if you could get some dinosaur DNA to work with.†
p. 95.2
The problem was that all known dinosaurs were fossils, and the fossilization destroyed most DNA, replacing it with inorganic material.†
p. 95.3
Of course, if a dinosaur was frozen, or preserved in a peat bog, or mummified in a desert environment, then its DNA might be recoverable.†
p. 95.3
Ellie said, "You can't reproduce a real dinosaur, because you can't get real dinosaur DNA."†
p. 95.5
"I'm sure you want to see this room," Ed Regis said, "but first, let's see how we obtain dinosaur DNA."†
p. 110.4
But you're probably wondering where our dinosaur DNA comes from.†
p. 110.8
Using the Loy antibody extraction technique, we can sometimes get DNA directly from dinosaur bones.†
p. 110.9
We need the entire dinosaur DNA strand in order to clone.†
p. 111.3
If this insect has any foreign blood cells, we may be able to extract them, and obtain paleo-DNA, the DNA of an extinct creature.†
p. 111.8
If this insect has any foreign blood cells, we may be able to extract them, and obtain paleo-DNA, the DNA of an extinct creature.†
p. 111.8
Actually, dinosaur DNA is somewhat easier to extract by this process than mammalian DNA.†
p. 111.9
Actually, dinosaur DNA is somewhat easier to extract by this process than mammalian DNA.†
p. 111.9
The reason is that mammalian red cells have no nuclei, and thus no DNA in their red cells.†
p. 111.9
How we identify the DNA we have extracted.†
p. 112.4
"Here you see the actual structure of a small fragment of dinosaur DNA," Wu said.†
p. 113.1
This amount of DNA probably contains instructions to make a single protein—say, a hormone or an enzyme.†
p. 113.2
The full DNA molecule contains three billion of these bases.†
p. 113.3
If we looked at a screen like this once a second, for eight hours a day, it'd still take more than two years to look at the entire DNA strand.†
p. 113.4
This is a typical example, because you see the DNA has an error, down here in line 1201.†
p. 113.5
Much of the DNA we extract is fragmented or incomplete.†
p. 113.6
It'll cut the DNA, using what are called restriction enzymes.†
p. 113.7
Here is the same section of DNA, with the points of the restriction enzymes located.†
p. 113.8
Now we are finding a fragment of DNA that overlaps the injury area, and will tell us what is missing.†
p. 114.3
The dark bars you see are restriction fragments—small sections of dinosaur DNA, broken by enzymes and then analyzed.†
p. 114.7
And here is the revised DNA strand, repaired by the computer.†
p. 115.1
Then are you working with the entire DNA strand?†
p. 115.1
But, even so, the DNA molecule is too big.†
p. 115.2
We look only at the sections of the strand that differ from animal to animal, or from contemporary DNA.†
p. 115.3
A DNA molecule.†
p. 116.2
Nobody could be analyzing a DNA molecule.†
p. 116.3
He knew biologists were talking about the Human Genome Project, to analyze a complete human DNA strand.†
p. 116.3
Or maybe they're just analyzing DNA fragments, but they've got RAM-intensive algorithms.†
p. 116.6
"Well, my guess is they're doing something with DNA," Barney said.†
p. 116.7
Nedry turned back to the group as Grant asked, "And once the computer has analyzed the DNA, how do you know what animal it encodes?"†
p. 117.3
DNA evolves over time, like everything else in an organism—hands or feet or any other physical attribute.†
p. 117.3
So we can take an unknown piece of DNA and determine roughly, by computer, where it fits in the evolutionary sequence.†
p. 117.4

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Definitions:

(1) (DNA)
a microscopic part of an organism that has genetic information that determines inherited traits such as hair color or height (deoxyribonucleic acid)
(2) (meaning too rare to warrant focus)

DNA in Jurassic Park (Auto-generated)

DNA
in
Jurassic Park
(Auto-generated)