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The Mayor of Casterbridge

Extra Credit Words with Sample Sentences from the Book

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ameliorate
1 use
And thus Henchard found himself again on the precise standing which he had occupied a quarter of a century before. Externally there was nothing to hinder his making another start on the upward slope, and by his new lights achieving higher things than his soul in its half-formed state had been able to accomplish. But the ingenious machinery contrived by the Gods for reducing human possibilities of amelioration to a minimum—which arranges that wisdom to do shall come pari passu with the departure of zest for doing—stood in the way of all that.
amelioration = improvement (in this case, of one's situation in life)

(editor's note:  Pari passu is a Latin expression that means "at an equal pace". Those interested in law or finance are likely to see it again.)
DefinitionGenerally ameliorate means:
to improve — especially a bad situation
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library0 uses in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 44
Web Links
apparent
22 uses
Thus she could not account for this interest by her own attractiveness, and she decided that it might be apparent only—a way of turning his eyes that Mr. Farfrae had.
apparent = appearing true, but not necessarily so

(editor's note:  In this instance, following apparent with only stresses that it might not be what it appears.)
DefinitionGenerally apparent means:
clear or obvious; or appearing as such but not necessarily so
Word Statistics
Book22 uses
Library66 uses in 10 avg bks
SAT®*top 500
1st useChapter 6
Web Links
divine   (2 meanings)
2 meanings, 2 uses
1  —1 use as in:
to forgive is divine
But hard fate had ordained that he should be unable to call up this Divine spirit in his need.
divine = wonderful; or god-like or coming from God
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library8 uses in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 41
Web Links
2  —1 use as in:
divined through intuition
...she said, glad that he had divined this without her being obliged to express it.
divined = discovered (figured out)
DefinitionGenerally this sense of divine means:
to discover something — usually through intuition or reflection
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library4 uses in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 10
Web Links
earnest
15 uses
Up to this moment it could not positively have been asserted that the man, in spite of his tantalizing declaration, was really in earnest.
in earnest = serious
DefinitionGenerally earnest means:
characterized by sincere belief

or:

intensely or excessively serious
Word Statistics
Book15 uses
Library19 uses in 10 avg bks
SAT®*top 500
1st useChapter 7
Web Links
establish
4 uses
1  —4 uses as in:
establish a positive tone
He had so timed his entry as to be well established in the large room by the time the forty church-goers entered to their customary cups.†
established = settled
DefinitionGenerally this sense of establish means:
create, start, or set in [a] place
Word Statistics
Book4 uses
Library25 uses in 10 avg bks
SAT®*top 100
1st useChapter 17
Web Links
incredulous
1 use
And she could see that Farfrae was still incredulous.
incredulous = unbelieving; or having difficulty accepting something so unexpected
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library11 uses in 10 avg bks
SAT®*top 1000
1st useChapter 34
Web Links
indifferent
17 uses
Absolute indifference had taken the place of irritability; and his coldness was such that it encouraged her to departure, even more than hot temper could have done.
indifference = lack of interest
DefinitionGenerally indifferent means:
without interest
in various senses, including:
  • unconcerned — as in "She is indifferent to what is served to eat."
  • unsympathetic — as in "She is indifferent to his needs."
  • not of good quality (which may imply average or poor quality depending upon context) — as in "an indifferent performance"
  • impartial — as in "We need a judge who is indifferent."
Word Statistics
Book17 uses
Library15 uses in 10 avg bks
SAT®*top 1000
1st useChapter 6
Web Links
inquire
28 uses
Henchard had come up, accidentally encountering the young man, whose face seemed to inquire, "Do we speak to each other?"
inquire = ask
DefinitionGenerally inquire means:
to ask about or look into something
Word Statistics
Book28 uses
Library19 uses in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 7
Web Links
insipid
1 use
The moment and the act he had prefigured for weeks with a thrill of pleasure; yet it was no less than a miserable insipidity to him now that it had come.
insipidity = something uninteresting and without impact
DefinitionGenerally insipid means:
dull (uninteresting and unimpactful)
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library0 uses in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 19
Web Links
irony
1 use
1  —1 use as in:
situational irony
This ironical sequence of things angered him...
ironical = when what happens is very different than what might be expected
DefinitionGenerally this sense of irony means:
when what happens is very different than what might be expected; or when things are together that seem like they don't belong together — especially when amusing or an entertaining coincidence
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library16 uses in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 19
Web Links
novel
1 use
He looked about the room at the novel hangings and ingenious furniture with which she had surrounded herself.†
novel = new and original
DefinitionGenerally this sense of novel means:
new and original — typically something considered good
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library3 uses in 10 avg bks
SAT®*top 100
1st useChapter 25
Web Links
penury
1 use
He pointed at himself and family with a wave of the hand intended to bring out the penuriousness of the exhibition.
penuriousness = state of extreme poverty

(Editor's note:  The suffix "-ness" converts an adjective to a noun that means the quality of. This is the same pattern you see in words like darkness, kindness, and coolness.)
DefinitionGenerally penury means:
a state of extreme poverty or destitution
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library0 uses in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 1
Web Links
perspicacity
1 use
He stood behind Farfrae's chair, watching his dexterity in clearing up the numerical fogs which had been allowed to grow so thick in Henchard's books as almost to baffle even the Scotchman's perspicacity.
perspicacity = capacity to quickly assess situations
DefinitionGenerally perspicacity means:
intelligence — especially the ability to quickly assess situations and make good decisions
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library0 uses in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 12
Web Links
rectify
1 use
One who had reproached him for deserting her when calumniated, who had urged claims upon his consideration on that account, who had lived waiting for him, who at the first decent opportunity had come to ask him to rectify, by making her his, the false position into which she had placed herself for his sake; such she had been.
rectify = correct, fix, or make right
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library1 use in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 26
Web Links
revere
1 use
There was a burst of applause, and a deep silence which was even more eloquent than the applause. It was of such a kind that the snapping of a pipe-stem too long for him by old Solomon Longways, who was one of those gathered at the shady end of the room, seemed a harsh and irreverent act.
irreverent = showing a lack of respect

(Editor's note:  The prefix "ir-" in irreverent means not and reverses the meaning of reverent. This prefix is sometimes used before words beginning with "R" as seen in words like irrational, irregular, and irresistible.)        
DefinitionGenerally revere means:
regard with feelings of deep respect and admiration — sometimes with a mixture of wonder and awe or fear
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library11 uses in 10 avg bks
SAT®*top 1000
1st useChapter 8
Web Links
sufficient
23 uses
But I should like to have it proved; and of course you don't care to tell the steps of the process sufficiently for me to do that, without my paying ye well for't first.
sufficiently = adequately (in enough detail)
DefinitionGenerally sufficient means:
adequate (enough — often without being more than is needed)
Word Statistics
Book23 uses
Library22 uses in 10 avg bks
SAT®*top 100
1st useChapter 14
Web Links
transitory
1 use
Going out but seldom, and never on a marketday, they saw Donald Farfrae only at rarest intervals, and then mostly as a transitory object in the distance of the street.
transitory = lasting a short time
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library1 use in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 42
Web Links
trepidation
1 use
The next phase of the supersession of Henchard in Lucetta's heart was an experiment in calling on her performed by Farfrae with some apparent trepidation.
trepidation = nervousness
DefinitionGenerally trepidation means:
nervousness (fear or anxiety about what will happen)
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library3 uses in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 25
Web Links
zeal
1 use
The woman had long perceived how zealously and constantly the young mind of her companion was struggling for enlargement; and yet now, in her eighteenth year, it still remained but little unfolded.
zealously = with active interest and enthusiasm
DefinitionGenerally zeal means:
active interest and enthusiasm
Word Statistics
Book1 use
Library4 uses in 10 avg bks
1st useChapter 4
Web Links
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Sample usage followed by this mark was not checked by an editor. Please let us know if you spot a problem.
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