1-page, Section-by-Section Vocabulary Printables

To Kill a Mockingbird
Harper Lee

Give students a vocabulary head start before reading.
Choose a section.
1 page · 10 words · grading optional

How it works

Students preview 10 words from the reading, each in a sentence that supports understanding.

An optional post-reading quiz uses the same 10 words in excerpts from the text. Use it after reading, or skip it entirely.

Why it works

The pre-reading activity supports comprehension and primes students to notice the words in context. The optional post-reading quiz reinforces the same words while asking students to use them in ways that also exercise reading and analytical skills (as discussed at the bottom of this site's home page).

Section 1 · Chapters 1-7 · The Finch children and the Radley place
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Highlighted words:
contradict, diction, disturbance, ethical, inquisitive, maintained, phenomena, reinforce, respiration, subsequent
Why these 10 words?
diction
Lee's joke about Atticus's 'last-will-and-testament diction' only lands for a reader who has the word; it names the lawyerly register the whole Finch household is tuned to.
ethical
The excerpt sets a child's moral accounting - camellias and scuppernongs are fair game, money is not - against a grown-up word, and the gap between the two is the point.
respiration
A deadpan clinical word dropped into the panic after the Radley raid; the comedy is entirely in the register, and the sense is plain from three children who have just stopped running.
maintained
The 'asserted' sense in a legal register, applied to Jem lawyering his way around a rule Atticus never quite made - the word does double duty as characterization.
reinforce
Scout borrowing argument-vocabulary to negotiate her way out of school; the sense of strengthening a position is fully visible in the exchange with Atticus.
phenomena
A precise plural set down in the middle of Hot Steams and Boo Radley superstition; the excerpt shows the word meaning 'observable happenings' and shows Scout half-believing anyway.
subsequent
A clean, high-utility academic word, and the excerpt supplies a full before-and-after frame: explaining now would have spared Miss Caroline her subsequent mortification.
inquisitive
The excerpt glosses itself - 'a mild term for the likes of us' - and the word carries the rebuke about Boo's right to be left alone.
contradict
A common word used at full strength in Calpurnia's rebuke; the sense is unmistakable and the moment is the section's clearest lesson in manners as ethics.
disturbance
Lee's ironic understatement for the Civil War - Simon's 'impotent fury' at 'the disturbance between the North and the South'. The word rewards a reader who notices the distance between what it says and what it names.
Close calls considered

tranquility: A formal word given a clean contrastive frame: Calpurnia's grammar goes erratic in fury and is 'as good as anybody's' in tranquility. Just short, because the contrast hands the sense over so readily that the quiz would test the sentence more than the word.

erratic: The concrete half of that same contrast and well anchored by it, but common enough by grade 9 that it would test less than its ranking suggests.

bewilderment: A quietly important word at the moment Jem and Scout 'first began to part company', but the excerpt states the abstraction rather than dramatizing it.

asylum: Period-loaded and central to the Boo myth, but the sense here is narrowly institutional, and the excerpt asks the reader to bring the context rather than supplying it.

seceded: Precise and historically anchored, and the Winston County joke is good, but the excerpt is a parenthetical aside and the word is more civics than literature here.

refraining: A useful word inside a vivid complaint about nine months of school, but plainer than the words ranked above it.

declined: The 'refused' sense is used cleanly, but it is the least surprising of the section's Latinate options and the excerpt gives it little room.

retired: A nice period sense of withdrawing from a room, but the dominant modern sense would win a ninth-grader's first guess and muddy the item.

solitary: Transparent enough from its context - a lone sprint past the Radley Place - that the quiz would test very little.

cordially: Nicely placed in Jem's mock-courtesy toward Walter, but the word is likely already familiar at the target grade.

Section 2 · Chapters 8-11 · An unusual winter comes to Maycomb
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Highlighted words:
analogous, antagonized, attributes, caricatures, grave, heartened, legislature, nauseating, oppressive, unfathomable
Why these 10 words?
grave
A common word whose “serious, solemn” adjective sense students often miss, and it recurs across the whole book; here it lands on Atticus's face the moment Scout asks about the slur, giving the plain word real weight.
attributes
A high-utility academic word for a “characteristic” that students meet in every subject; the excerpt also quietly opens the Tom Robinson thread that drives the rest of the novel.
legislature
A civic word carrying the section's moral center—Atticus explaining why he must take the case—so learning it doubles as reading the passage's argument.
nauseating
Vivid and emotionally charged, drawn from the iconic mad-dog scene; the word does real work conveying Scout's dread as time slows to a crawl.
analogous
A prized academic word for drawing comparisons, fixed in memory by the comic Mount Everest simile for Aunt Alexandra.
oppressive
A versatile sensory word; the stifling odor at Mrs. Dubose's threshold makes its meaning immediate.
unfathomable
The section's arresting opening line frames the whole “unusual winter,” and the word itself is a durable, transferable term.
caricatures
A concrete, transferable word anchored in the snowman scene, and the lively Atticus–Jem exchange makes the “mocking likeness” sense clear.
heartened
An emotionally warm, less-common word (the root of “disheartened”) caught in the tense fire scene as Atticus gently steadies Jem.
antagonized
A useful everyday word for provoking, grounded in Scout's honest reflection that Jem, for all his needling, is all she has.
Close calls considered

quelled: A strong word, but the fire scene it belongs to is already represented, and “quelled the flames” gives thinner context than the top ten.

cordial: A pleasant social-register word whose low-stakes excerpt about Miss Maudie's interest can't match the section's sharper moments.

induce: A genuinely useful academic word, but its flat “no amount of sighing” excerpt offers less to quiz than the picks above it.

remorseful: Clear and emotional, though it hangs on a minor Uncle Jack aside rather than a scene that carries the section.

evasion: A fine academic word tied to Atticus's parenting maxim about children spotting a dodge; solid but edged out in a crowded field.

melancholy: Evocative and well placed on Mrs. Dubose's glare, but the Dubose stretch already supplies stronger quiz words.

devoid: A strong word for “entirely without,” narrowly out; Jem's blank face makes it clear, but it lacks the reach of the ten above.

perpetrated: Lively in the snowman “libel” joke, but it shares that beat with the higher-ranked caricatures.

perplexity: A serviceable word for confusion, resting on a modest Miss Maudie moment.

afflicted: Concrete and clear from the ringworm line, but the slightly comic minor detail keeps it just outside contention.

Section 3 · Chapters 12-15 · Calpurnia's church and Aunt Alexandra's arrival
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Highlighted words:
civil, consent, criterion, customary, defendant, defiance, diligent, persevere, resilient, tentative
Why these 10 words?
civil
A common word carried in its slightly formal sense of courteous, and the children's decision to be pleasant makes that meaning plain; recurs across the book.
customary
High-frequency academic word with a clean excerpt that fixes the sense of habitual practice.
tentative
The physical hesitation of Jem's cautious swipe under the bed makes 'hesitant' legible on the page; a strong grade-level word.
diligent
The WPA cartoon of Atticus writing at his desk anchors 'hardworking' concretely; core academic vocabulary with a high-clarity excerpt.
persevere
Atticus pressing on 'in spite of us' models the word in situ; a high-value verb every student should own.
resilient
The tactile excerpt — something warm, resilient, not quite hard rubber — makes the literal sense unmistakable, with a figurative extension students meet elsewhere.
criterion
The 'Fine Folks' list of qualifications demonstrates the meaning directly; an important academic word with a tricky plural (criteria).
defendant
A heavily recurring legal term the approaching trial leans on, tied here to Tom Robinson's case.
consent
Appears in the legal definition of rape — a pivotal term as the section builds toward the trial; high utility and a clear excerpt.
defiance
The arresting mob-at-the-jail image of Atticus and Jem's mutual defiance carries real weight and lands on the section's peak beat.
Close calls considered

denote: The cemetery excerpt is arresting, but the word is a touch more literary; a strong close call edged out by higher-frequency choices.

penitentiary: The 'pink cotton penitentiary' metaphor is memorable, though everyday utility runs a little below the quiz set.

formidable: The Aunt Alexandra description is excellent, but the word competes with several equally strong grade-level items and just missed.

dry: A very common word used figuratively (dull) and recurring often in the book; its everydayness kept it out of the quiz despite a clean excerpt.

knot: A familiar word in a less-common sense — a knot of men — interesting but with narrower payoff than the quiz words.

peculiarity: A clear excerpt about Atticus's habits; solid, but slightly less central than the ten above it.

confine: The surveying excerpt is clear, but the plural-noun sense (confines) is somewhat specialized; a reasonable near-miss.

tranquil: A nice excerpt of tranquil evaluation behind the newspapers, but the sense overlaps commoner 'calm' and was edged out.

dispel: A strong verb with a good excerpt — gloom dispelled by the arriving car — that narrowly missed the cut.

pronouncement: The excerpt is a touch abstract, placing the word at the boundary of the ranked close calls.

Section 4 · Chapters 16-21 · The trial of Tom Robinson begins
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Highlighted words:
advances, chronic, convicted, hounded, integrity, morbid, scrutiny, shriveled, stealthy, subtle
Why these 10 words?
subtle
A precise abstract noun the section pauses to unpack—Scout admits she did not understand the subtlety of Tom's predicament until it was explained; high-frequency, exactly grade-9, and the excerpt models what is not obvious about his choice.
chronic
Common cross-curricular word whose long-lasting, recurring sense is cleanly fixed by 'chronic ground-itch,' a condition that keeps coming back; strong transfer well beyond the novel.
integrity
A core character-and-civics word landing on Atticus's creed about 'the integrity of our courts'; thematically central and high transfer, tying soundness and honesty together in one line.
scrutiny
Frequent academic word; 'under close scrutiny' makes the close-watching sense self-evident and shows the jury and witnesses straightening under it.
convicted
The section's decisive beat—'A jury never looks at a defendant it has convicted'—a legal word every student meets, quizzed on the verdict the whole section builds toward.
hounded
Vivid figurative verb from the summation, 'hounded from our midst,' carrying the sense of being relentlessly driven out; strong tone and unmistakable context.
shriveled
Concrete, picturable word anchored to Tom's 'small shriveled hand'—the physical detail the defense turns on, so the word carries plot weight as well as meaning.
advances
A word whose everyday sense (progress) differs sharply from the courtroom sense here—unwanted romantic overtures—making 'Did you resist her advances?' a genuine lesson in context-driven meaning.
stealthy
Accessible but rich word set inside a strong simile—'something stealthy about hers, like a steady-eyed cat with a twitchy tail'—that hands the reader the sneaking, watchful sense directly.
morbid
Common word with a slightly elevated register; "'t's morbid, watching a poor devil on trial for his life" gives the grim, death-drawn sense and captures the town's appetite for spectacle.
Close calls considered

predicament: A high-transfer word for a difficult spot, clearly modeled by 'the subtlety of Tom's predicament'; a strong item that lands just outside the quizzed ten as the leading close call.

circumstantial evidence: A legal term central to Atticus's case and topical, but a multiword phrase rather than a single transferable word, which keeps it just below the line.

formidable: Excellent standalone vocabulary word; falls just short only because more section-central items filled the ten.

academic: A nice case of a familiar word in an unfamiliar sense ('the spelling was academic' = of no practical import), but the double sense makes for a slightly slippery item, so it sits just outside.

indicted: Solid legal word from the summation; close to the line but overlapping the trial's legal cluster already carried by 'convicted' and 'circumstantial evidence.'

bearing: Good 'relevance/connection' sense in 'what bearing... had on the case,' but a very common word with a quieter payoff than the items above it.

industrious: Clear, useful word, though its list-context ('the stupid and idle along with the industrious') gives thinner support than the top items' excerpts.

conceded: Strong word, but its excerpt sits in the section's opening exchange rather than the trial proper, giving it less thematic pull than higher picks.

dispelled: Good verb with a clean excerpt about Judge Taylor's feigned dozing 'dispelled forever,' but a lighter, comic moment that ranks below the trial's weightier words.

truant: Recognizable word for skipping school; earns the final close-call slot but is more everyday than the words above it.

Section 5 · Chapters 22-31 · Maycomb in the months after the trial
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Highlighted words:
appeal, humility, hypocrites, inevitable, lament, likened, prejudiced, silhouetted, spasm, tribute
Why these 10 words?
prejudiced
A quietly devastating line: Miss Gates condemns Hitler's prejudice in the same breath the novel shows she carries her own; the section's central irony in one high-value word.
inevitable
Atticus naming the verdict as foreseen yet slow to arrive; 'inevitable' carries the whole moral weight of a trial lost before it began, and is precise and testable.
hypocrites
The missionary circle preening over distant Africa while scorning their Black neighbors; 'hypocrites' names the section's sharpest satire and is a durable, high-utility word.
likened
Mr. Underwood's editorial comparing Tom's death to the slaughter of songbirds, the mockingbird motif made explicit; a common verb worth quizzing in its comparison sense.
humility
Miss Maudie's kitchen creed, 'there but for the Lord's kindness am I' -- one of the novel's moral summits, and a central, transferable, grade-appropriate word.
appeal
Scout learning Tom's last legal hope; 'appeal' teaches a precise courtroom sense of a familiar word, set in the aftermath's mounting dread.
tribute
Miss Maudie reframing the town's trust in Atticus as the highest tribute it can pay; a strong abstract noun in a pivotal, quotable exchange.
lament
The solitary mockingbird's 'sad lament' on the walk to the pageant -- atmosphere and motif at once, a rich word poised just before the attack.
spasm
The moment Scout finally sees Boo Radley, his nervous spasm betraying the shy man behind the myth; a vivid, precise word from the novel's emotional reveal.
silhouetted
Scout on the Radley porch, her childhood silhouetted against a blazing house -- the closing image of the book, carried by a distinctive, high-value word.
Close calls considered

verdict: The jury's decision named plainly; a solid, testable courtroom noun that lands just outside a strong top ten.

deceit: Mrs. Merriweather's unwitting self-indictment, 'we don't have the deceit to say...'; a good abstract noun edged just below the cut.

apprehension: Scout's dread of 'ladies in bunches' before the missionary tea; a useful abstract noun, a step shy of the ten.

fret: Miss Maudie's reassurance after the fire, 'Don't fret, Jem'; a familiar, lower-difficulty word held in reserve.

persecuting: The schoolroom's Hitler lesson turning on persecute-versus-prejudice; a strong word whose ground is partly held by the higher-ranked 'prejudiced.'

grudge: Bob Ewell's 'permanent running grudge' driving the section's menace; a plain but apt word, edged out on difficulty.

contradict: Heck Tate refusing Atticus's account of how Ewell died; a common verb, useful but not distinctive enough for the ten.

cynical: Scout defending truth-telling against Aunt Alexandra's charge of cynicism; a fine word a notch below on this list.

pester: Atticus reducing Ewell to a man who pesters the vulnerable; an accessible verb kept as a close call.

sulky: A servant's 'sulky' mood in Mrs. Merriweather's complaint; a modest, familiar word rounding out the twenty.

Resources
Other vocabulary resources for
To Kill a Mockingbird
Aligned to CCSS ELA Language Standards
(as discussed at the bottom of this site's landing page).