All 7 Uses of

republic

in

War and Peace

Had he not at one time longed with all his heart to establish a republic in Russia; then himself to be a Napoleon; then to be a philosopher; and then a strategist and the conqueror of Napoleon?†
Chpt 8 (definition 1) *

To historians who believe that Russia was shaped by the will of one man—Peter the Great—and that France from a republic became an empire and French armies went to Russia at the will of one man—Napoleon—to say that Russia remained a power because Napoleon had a bad cold on the twenty-fourth of August may seem logical and convincing.†
Chpt 10 (definition 1)

Uses with a very common or rare meaning:

* The Illuminati sought to substitute republican for monarchical institutions.†
Chpt 6 (definition 2) *

When, intoxicated by the crimes he has committed so successfully, he reaches Paris, the dissolution of the republican government, which a year earlier might have ruined him, has reached its extreme limit, and his presence there now as a newcomer free from party entanglements can only serve to exalt him—and though he himself has no plan, he is quite ready for his new role.†
Chpt 15 (definition 2)

Lanfrey, a Republican, says it was based on his trickery and deception of the people.†
Chpt 15 (definition 2)

…has the inconvenience—in application to complex and stormy periods in the life of nations during which various powers arise simultaneously and struggle with one another—that a Legitimist historian will prove that the National Convention, the Directory, and Bonaparte were mere infringers of the true power, while a Republican and a Bonapartist will prove: the one that the Convention and the other that the Empire was the real power, and that all the others were violations of power.†
Chpt 15 (definition 2)

Equally little does this view explain why for several centuries the collective will is not withdrawn from certain rulers and their heirs, and then suddenly during a period of fifty years is transferred to the Convention, to the Directory, to Napoleon, to Alexander, to Louis XVIII, to Napoleon again, to Charles X, to Louis Philippe, to a Republican government, and to Napoleon III.†
Chpt 15 (definition 2)

Definitions:

(1) (republic)
a system of government in which a majority of citizens elect representatives to make laws

(2) (meaning too common or rare to warrant focus)
As a proper noun, the word form Republican is commonly used to describe one of the major U.S. political parties. It is and has been used by many other organizations such as The Irish Republican Army.